These changes violate newton ' s first law , the law of inertia which implies that more energy is needed to change inertia ( to overcome frictional forces and inertia ) than to maintain inertia ( to overcome only frictional forces ) 这些变化违背了牛顿第一定律，也就是惯性定理在不受外力或所受外力为零的状态下，物体总保持匀速运动或静止也就是要改变物体的惯性需要额外的能量（以克服摩擦阻力和惯性）大于保持物体惯性的能量（仅克服摩擦阻力） 。
A general solution of the thermodynamic energy of systems of gas , magnetic dielectric , dielectric , and of battery was found by working from thermodynamics first law ' s different forms in different matter systems , by using equation of state and thermal capacity in different thermodynamics system and by solving thermodynamic energy differential equation , thus provide a method of studying other qualities in thermodynamics system 摘要通过热力学第一定律在不同物质系统中的不同形式，利用不同热力学系统相应的物态方程及热容量，以及通过求解热力学能微分方程，一般性地求解了气体系统、磁介质系统、电介质系统、电池系统的热力学能，为研究其他热力学系统的特性提供了一种方法。
( 2 ) based on the thermodynamic first rule , a practical method named heat economic quota method , is employed to analyze and calculate the heat supply of the thermoelectricity cogeneration . although it explains the total benefit on energy using , it does not demonstrate the thermodynamics perfect condition ( 2 )热电联产节能效益分析与计算的常规方法是热经济性指标法，即热力学第一定律计算法，这只是说明能量数量利用总的效果，没有阐明系统各组成部分的热力学完善程度。
According to gaseous " molecular kinetic , the mass diffusion rate is within finite value . so theoretical conclusion of mass flux ' s producing and the essential relation of flux vs . force could be drawn . with the assumption that local density states in near equilibrium and the distribution is gradual changed , the classical first pick ' s law was modified considering mass relaxation time 根据气体分子运动论对质量传播速度为有限值情况下的质量流的产生及流与力之间的本构关系作了理论推导，在假定局域浓度处于近平衡态，其分布为渐进的情况下得到了考虑质量松弛作用的经典fick第一定律的修正式。
