At present , the diversified style boilers have several lac in china . due to equipmet ’ s separated , no good of manage and the causation of technic , due to above causation , it is diffcult that the most boiler in good condition , and increasing the fuel ’ s consume and depressing efficiency of the boiler 锅炉是典型的复杂热工系统,目前,中国各种类型的锅炉有几十万台,由于设备分散、管理不善或技术原因,使多数锅炉难以处于良好的工况,增加了锅炉的燃料消耗,降低了效率。
Abstract : heating curves of billet for heavy rail in reheating furnace are measured by use of dragging coupling methods . effects of fuel consumption , furnace temperature and heating time on billet temperature are studied and current thermal schedule of reheating furnace is evaluated , which provides the basis for optimizing and improving thermal schedule of reheating furnace 文摘:运用拖偶法测量了重轨钢坯在轨梁加热炉内的升温曲线，分析了燃料消耗、炉温与加热时间对钢坯温度的影响，评价了现行的加热炉热工制度，为优化、完善加热炉热工制度提供了依据。
Today , global environmental issues are receiving increased attention . honda has been working steadfastly to achieve a further reduction in toxic emissions and co2 as well as making more efficient use of energy and other resources throughout its entire operations including r & d , manufacturing , sales and marketing . for example , honda is committed to reducing the environmental impact of its products and operations including achieving cleaner emissions and higher fuel efficiency in honda products , and the introduction of an environmentally - friendly " green factory " concept for the company s production lines 在全球环境问题日益突出的当今， honda在产品研发、生产和销售等各项企业活动中努力把解决大气污染、降低co2排放量、有效利用资源和能源等作为课题，为达到产品排放清洁化、降低燃料消耗、实现生产线的"绿色工厂化"等采取了一系列措施，为减少对地球环境的影响做出了积极贡献。
Compared with natural ventilating up - draft barn , the common curing barn installed with " automatic controlling temperature and forced humid air exhausting apparatus " can enhance evidently superior leaves ratio , average price and income of raw tobacco , decrease evidently substandard tobacco leaves ratio , lighten work hardness , shorten curing time , reduce fuel consumption , save labor power and reduce curing cost 摘要普通烤房安装“烤烟自动控温强制排湿装置”后，与自然通风气流上升式烤房相比，烤后的烟叶在上等烟率、均价、收益等方面都有明显提高，级外烟明显减少，此外，还能降低劳动强度，缩短烘烤时间，减少燃料消耗，节约劳动力，降低烘烤成本。
Static benefits are generated from peaking and valley - filling , which are further divided into capacity benefits and coal saving benefits . dynamic benefits come from its fast starting and flexible operation , including frequency regulation , synchronous condenser operation , fast coverage of steep load gradient and synchronous spinning reserve . as for the calculation of static benefits of pumped storage plant , the alternative coefficient method is normally adopted at present 目前在抽水蓄能电站的静态效益计算中，一般采用替代系数法，即用抽水蓄能电站的装机容量乘以容量替代系数( 1 . 05 1 . 1 )计算抽水蓄能电站的替代容量；用抽水蓄能电站的发电量乘以电量替代系数( 1 . 05 )计算替代电站的发电量，再根据循环效率的大小计算抽水蓄能电站的燃料消耗。
Spacecrafts are working in the space environment , which is full of sorts of physical mediums . and these mediums will impact on the altitude movement of spacecraft . spacecraft attitude control during propulsive maneuvers is complicated due to several factors as listed below : ( i ) nonlinear dynamics with time delays , ( ii ) modeling and parameter uncertainties , ( iii ) flexible modes due to fuel sloshing and appendages , ( vi ) constraints on propulsive force and torque inputs , ( v ) constraints on acceptable angular rates and attitude , ( iv ) autonomous reconfiguration requirements under failure conditions 飞行器是在一定的空间环境中飞行，而空间环境中充满着各种物理介质，对飞行器的姿态运动产生不同程度的影响，所以空间飞行器的姿态控制相当复杂，它受到如下因素的制约： ( ? )带时延的非线性动态特性( ? )模型和参数的不确定性( ? )燃料的激荡性以及燃料消耗所引起飞行器的质量变化( ? )推力和输入力矩的约束性( ? )额定角速度约束和姿态约束( ? )在故障发生的情况下自动重新配置的必要性。
