Abstract : in this paper , the new intelligent material / structure , which is one of the difficult problem of advanced science and technology lying ahead of us in the 21st century , is discussed and the background , difficulties , path of solution and applied significance are given 文摘:就21世纪所面临的高科技难题之一? ?新智能材料和智能结构进行讨论，指出提出问题的背景、难点，解决途径和意义。
Because of its two attractive characteristic : controllabililty of its apparent viscosity and quick response to external applied electric field . er fluid can be applied to mechanical vibration control , used as controllable medium , mainly in the form of controllable dampers 电流变流体是一种智能材料，它的表观粘度和剪切屈服应力可随外加电场发生快速可控的变化，且这种转变连续、可逆、快速。
The advantages of magnetorheological damper ( mrd ) which were made of magnetorheological fluid ( mr ) are not only simple structure , small volume , quick respond , small power requirement and adjustable damp forces , but also easily combine with computers 由智能材料磁流变体制成的磁流变阻尼器不仅具有结构简单，体积小，反应快，能耗小和阻尼力连续顺逆可调等优点外，而且还易于和计算机相结合。
Based on the discussions about the recent development of fiber optical based smart materials and components , as well as the status of fiber optical sensor studies and applications , the concept of smart rock bolt is put forward according to engineering requirements 本研究首先通过对当今光纤智能材料与器件的发展和光纤传感器研究应用现状的论述，从实际工程应用的角度出发，提出了智能锚索结构的概念。
So it can be used as both sensor component and driving component . pzt have better electromechanical coupling coefficient , piezoelectric constant , mechanical quality factor , curie temperature and stability , etc . so , pzt can be used widely in smart materials and structure 与其它压电陶瓷相比,锆钛酸压电陶瓷( pzt )有较好的机电耦合系数、压电常数、机械品质因数、居里温度和稳定性等,因此, pzt能广泛应用于智能材料结构中。
Smart materials and structures is a new field of material technology that develops rapidly in recent years . it is also a new discipline in high - tech material field . it is the advanced material in 21st century and the international development front of engineering science 智能材料与结构是近年来在世界上兴起并迅速发展的材料科学的一个新领域，是高技术新材料领域中正在形成的一门新的分支学科，也是当前工程学科发展的国际前沿。
In past two decades , with the development of material science , computer technology , signal processing and control theories , intelligent structures have become one of the most active research fields , and the active vibration control of intelligent structures is also a very important branch 近20年来，智能材料结构随着材料科学、计算机技术、信息理论、控制理论等的发展已成为国内外最活跃的研究课题之一，利用智能结构进行振动主动控制是其重要的研究内容。
After suggestion and investigation by american army , japan , england , germany , australia and south korea , the research progresses attract many scientists who spend a lot of money on the research work of smart material structures . since 1990 ' s , many chinese scientists have also obtained many achievements in this field 继美国军方提出和展开大规模的研究之后，日本、英国、德国、澳大利亚、韩国等相继投入人力、财力开展智能材料结构的研究工作，我国自90年代以来，也有一批专家学者从事这方面的研究，某些成果已达到了国际先进水平。
