As early as 600bc a hindu surgeon reconstructed a nose by using a piece of cheek , and by ad 1000 rhinoplasty ( nose surgery using skin from the forehead ) was being performed 早在西元前六百年，一位印度外科医师便用一小块颊肉来重塑鼻子；到了西元一千年，便已有鼻整形术了(用前额皮肤塑鼻的外科手术) 。
This may seem straight forward , but it ' s a very complex problem involving everyone from cleaning staff to nursing staff to cardiac surgeons to anesthesiologists to equipment attendants 这个看来直接但是却十分复杂的问题牵涉到部门中的每一个人，从打扫清洁的员工、护理员工、心脏外科医师、麻醉师一直到设备技师。
This information was important for pre - operative planning and allowed one step extensive surgery which called for the collaboration of the pathologist , urologist and colorectal surgeon 这些资料对术前计划十分重要，在病理医师，泌尿外科及大直肠外科医师们通力合作下，广泛切除外科治疗可一次完成，避免贰次手术之苦。
This marble stele symbolizes a solid foundation for neurosurgery , the prints of yasargil ' s hands tell us that high - level microneurosurgical skills gained through arduous training can bring more hope to the life of many patients 目前，显微外科技术已经渗透到外科的各个领域，已经成为外科医师所必须掌握的基础技能。
While surgeons at hospitals are eager to perform sentinel lymph node dissections in patients , there is a learning period for surgeons to be able to localize the sentinel lymph node with intra - operative gamma probe 当外科医师期待对病人施行前哨淋巴结切除术时，就有必要学习如何利用手术用加马侦检器协助定位前哨淋巴结。
Figures from the british association of aesthetic plastic surgeons ( baaps ) , reveal that the number of otoplasties , or ear - pinning operations , has increased dramatically over the past year - and every year since 2002 英国整型外科医师协会公布的数据显示，塑耳或整修招风耳的手术，自2002年起就逐年增加，过去一年来更是激增。
Admission to highly specialized units , close collaboration between gastrointestinal physicians and surgeons , and early surgical intervention for high risk patients can appreciably reduce mortality to 2 - 4 % 原译文是:高度专业化的单位，胃肠科内科医师和外科医师的密切合作，以及对高危病人的早期外科干预能明显地降低死亡2 % - 4 % 。
11 there is no surgical patient i cannot treat competently , treat just as well as or better than any other surgeon ” - then , and not until then , you are indeed a surgeon 任何外科病人我都能胜任愉快地进行治疗，我的治疗跟其他外科医生一样高明，甚至比任何外科医生都更为高明” ? ?那时，而且只有到了那时，你才真正成了一名外科医师。
Ballack limped off at st james ' park following a crunching tackle from titus bramble and , after being assessed by chelsea ' s medical team , was sent to see surgeon hans muller - wohlfahrt in germany 巴拉克再圣詹姆斯公园的比赛中被布兰布尔铲伤，在经过切尔西队医的诊断之后，他被送往德国外科医师汉斯穆勒沃尔法赫特那里做进一步治疗。
In order to avoid airway problems during intubation , the surgeon and anesthestist should seriously consider the possibility of this rare complication in patients who have had the platysma myocutaneous flap technique 对于曾使用过颈阔肌肌皮瓣的患者，外科医师及麻醉医师应考量到此忡少见并发症之可能性，以避免插管时引发的呼吸道的问题。
