地壳运动

• The observatory of dunsink registered in all eleven shocks , all of the fifth grade of mercalli s scale , and there is no record extant of a similar seismic disturbance in our island since the earthquake of 1534 , the year of the rebellion of silken thomas
  照梅尔卡利的仪器637记算，统统达到了震级的第五级。五三四年也就是绢骑士托马斯638起义那一年的地震以来，我岛现存的记录中还没有过如此剧烈的地壳运动。
• The observation results show that not only plate , block , boundary zone , fault zone but also speed field , stress field all over present the accordance of present - day crustal movement in several years or tens scales with those in neotectonics of million year scales as a whole
  观测结果表明，无论板块、块体、边界带、断裂带，还是速度场、应力场都呈现出数年至数十年尺度的地壳运动与百万年尺度的新构造运动整体一致。
• Through this attunement , these humans knew where food source was for gathering ; they knew where the land would sustain a good place to live with natural shelters of protection ; they knew when to leave if a disaster was about to strike due to earth movement or difficult weather patterns
  通过这种调谐，人类知道哪儿有食物来采摘，大陆上哪儿有可利用的自然屏障来保护自己很好生存；如果由于地壳运动或糟糕的天气状况导致灾难即将来临的话，人类也知道何时离开。
• Main conclusion and content of this paper is as follows : ( 1 ) the research methods of modern crustal motion from rigid body to elastic and fluid body are generalized systemically , and its progresses are reviewed ; furthermore , the insufficiencies and unsolved questions of geological method researching modern crustal motion are presented , and gps techniques play an important role in the research of modern crustal motion
  研究成果和内容具体包括： （ 1 ）系统归纳现代地壳运动研究方法从刚体领域转变为弹性体和流变体的研究，并评述其研究进展；阐述了地质方法研究现代地壳运动的缺陷及其存在问题，指出gps技术在现代板块构造运动研究中扮演重要角色。 （ 2 ）研究和完善现今板块运动学模型。
• With the rapid development of space geodetic techniques at recent 20 years , the new space geodetic data and new analytical techniques inaugurate the new route to monitor and study crustal motion and dynamicvariety of global tectonic plate in this paper we present the current characteristics of global tectonic plate in short time scale and crustal deformations of regions mainly based on gps data （ incorporating few data of vlbi and slr ）
  随着近二十多年空间大地测量技术的迅猛发展，开辟了监测和研究地壳运动和全球构造动态变化新途径。本文主要利用gps资料（附加少量的vlbi和slr资料） ，研究较短时间尺度全球板块构造现今运动特征和区域性地壳形变。
• The examples in abroad and home indicate that the viscous remanent magnetization is a convenient tool for orientation determination of drilled cores . it can be used on samples for which the geological age is not known . the only information required is well position , the direction and magnitude of well deviation and the " right way up " for the core sample
  结合国内外的研究实例和自己的研究实例，对利用粘滞剩磁确定岩心方向进行了较深入的研究，进一步证明了粘滞剩磁岩心定向是一种不用考虑复杂的地壳运动和地质年代，只需要井位的井斜数据和取心方向标记的简单、方便值得推崇的方法。
• With thousands years of diastrophism and human society ' s development , the natural environment of the upper - part of the yellow river has conceived its distinguished zoology and resource structure , therefore forms its special geographic upper - part - yellow river region ' s economy and society development model
  黄河上游的自然环境随着千百年的地壳运动以及人类繁衍，孕育出了独特的生态及资源结构，从而也形成了具有区域特色的黄河上游典型地区经济和社会发展模式。
• The characteristics of the movement and deformation of the crust were traditionally determined with the geological and seismographic methods . however , the result obtained with the geological and seismographic methods is virtually an average one on the time scale of millions and / or hundreds of years , and the current movement and deformation of the crust cannot be described well
  传统上，一般用地质和地震学方法来确定地壳的运动和变形特征，但二者确定的地壳形变结果分别是百千万年和百年左右的平均结果，难以描述现今地壳运动和变形的特征。
• The movement and deformation of the crust are the comprehensive effects of various kinds of the geodynamical processes on the ground , and the systematical response of the crustal medium to the plate tectonic and deeply dynamic evolution . therefore , the research for them becomes one of important contents in the geodynamic studies
  地壳的运动和变形是各种地球动力学过程在地表的综合显现，是地壳介质对板块构造和深部动力过程作用的综合响应，因此，对地壳运动和变形的研究构成了地球动力学研究的重要内容之一。