As a result of researches , several water indexes were brought up from different methods , such as soil moisture content and air relative humidity , which were most commonly used in the past irrigation control system . for crop water stress , however , those are all insensitive and indirect indexes that represent the environmental states of crops 在已建立的灌溉自动控制系统中，土壤含水量或大气相对湿度是最常见的控制农作物灌溉的指标，但对作物缺水而言，这些都是反映作物生长环境的间接指标，对反映作物的缺水比较迟钝、滞后。
The paper summarized the functions about crops ' growing conditions which improved by the conservation tillage measures : it ' s can improve the field ' s water use efficiency effectively , conserve soil & water and reduce soil & water loss availably , decrease the great mass of fields ' removing - sands and soil - nutrient & soil - water lost , increase the amount and active of biology & microbe in the soil , increase the soil ' s fertility , improve soil ' s structure , reduce the temperature of the earth ' s surface , lessen evaporation 并对保护性耕作措施在改善农田作物生长环境方面的作用：有效提高农田水分利用效率；有效保持水土，大幅度地减少水土流失，减少大部分的田问起沙，降低农田地表土壤养分和水分的流失；有效提高土壤生物和微生物的数量与活性，增加土壤肥力，改善土壤结构，降低地表温度，减少地表蒸发等方面的最新研究成果进行了综述。
It is surveyed that in this region the light production potentiality is 22290 kg / hm2 , the thermal production potentiality is 14536 kg / hm2 , the climate production potentiality is 5510 kg / hm2 and the soil production potentiality is 1774 kg / hm2 , water and soil are limiting factors 陕北农牧交错带作物光合生产潜力、光温生产潜力、气候生产潜力和土壤生产潜力分别为22290kg hm ~ 2 、 14536kg hm ~ 2 、 5510kg hm ~ 2和1774kg hm ~ 2 ，降水和土壤肥力是作物生长的主要限制因子。
In light of current using situation and drawing on the experience of many scholars researched methods and viewpoints , this thesis made com land , fallow land , orchard , grass land as experimental field in black soil region jlau , which carried out experiment by applying different amounts of n and p fertilization in corn field . by means of collecting the samples of rainfall runoff , erosion silt and surface layer soil before and after rainfall for one year nature precipitation in field , we study the effect of surface runoff on n and p nutrient and fertility degeneration . the results showed : ( l ) there are lots of factors which affect soil erosion and losses of n and p , in which rainfall and rainfall intensity were more important , while rainfall intensity is the most important meteorological phenomena factor 针对当前黑土利用现状，本文借鉴众多学者的研究方法和观点，在吉林农大黑土区选择利用方式不同的玉米地、休闲地、果园、草地，在玉米区进行了不同数量的施肥，通过野外试验，采集一年自然降雨产流及泥沙样品，同时采集降雨前后的耕层土壤样品，研究了黑土区地表径流对氮磷养分特征及肥力退化的影响，结果表明：土壤侵蚀和氮磷的流失受诸多因素的影响，降雨量、降雨强度是重要因子，而降雨强度是影响农田地表径流养分流失的最重要的气象因子，特别是暴雨，暴雨径流中氮磷浓度较平时高得多；随作物生长，覆盖度逐渐增加以及不同利用方式下表现的覆盖度差异，氮磷流失都表现为显著的差异。
In this article we mainly focus on the economical , practical and effective skills in creating a local entironment for the growth of hami melon from the aspects of facility structure , cultivation patterns and skills in exterminating diseases and insect pests , in order to produce more organic hami melons which satisfy the need of the market 摘要从设施结构、栽培模式和以防病为主的栽培管理技术等经济实用高效技术方面，探讨了创造出厚皮甜瓜作物生长的小生态环境，以生产出绿色精品甜瓜。
The application of the satellite data has enlarged to every meteorology science . it applies useful data for the weather forecast , global climate change , ocean condition , crop growth and forest fireproofing ; especially it improves the capability of the numerical forecast 卫星资料的应用已扩展到大气科学的每一个领域，为天气预报、全球气候变化、海洋环境、作物生长、森林防火等提供了有用的资料，尤其在改善数值天气预报性能方面的应用越来越受到气象学家的重视。
