Then , a cdmse scale with high reliability and validity was revised . 419 college students from grade one to four of two universities in shanghai participated in the test , using the cdmse scale revised by us , trait anxiety inventory ( tai ) and internal - external locus of control scale ( i - e locs ) which are already existing 以419名来自上海两所高校的大一至大四的学生为研究对象，运用修订的择业效能感量表、已有的特质焦虑问卷和内-外心理控制源量表对这些学生进行了测量。
On the one hand , the characteristics of college students " cdmse were analyzed , and the differences in gender , specialty and grade were discussed in the thesis . on the other hand , the relationships of cdmse with trait anxiety and internal - external locus of control were studied 一方面，分析了大学生择业效能感的一般特点，并探讨了在性别、专业和年级上的差异以及随年级升高的发展趋势；另一方面，研究了大学生的择业效能感与其特质焦虑、心理控制源之间的关系。
It concludes as follows : 1 . the structure of the factors influencing the trait anxiety of college students consists of uncertainties of future , unfairness , introversion , pressure of studies , financial trouble , inadequate adaptation to the college , interpersonal trouble , and trouble in courtship , of which uncertainties of future are the primary one 通过研究获得了以下主要结论： 1 .大学生特质焦虑影响因素结构由前途不确定性、不公平性、内向性格、学业压力、经济困扰、学校适应不良、人际困扰、恋爱困扰8个因素构成，其中影响当代大学生特质焦虑的最主要的因素是前途不确定性。
2 . the questionnaire consisting of the 8 sub - scales and 71 items is of great homogeneity reliability , item discrimination , construct validity , and empirical validity . it can serve as the quantitative assessment of the factors influencing the trait anxiety of college students , and a starting point of relevant research 2 .由8个分问卷71个项目构成的“大学生特质焦虑影响因素问卷”具有很高的同质性信度和项目区分度，具有良好的构想效度和效标效度，可以用于对大学生特质焦虑影响因素的定量评定，并开展相关研究。
A chinese state - trait anxiety inventory was used in the study to measure the women s anxiety levels at three different time points during the course of ivf . the eastern body - mind - spirit ebms intervention approach the ebms approach was based on traditional chinese medicine and chinese philosophy of life 身心灵全人健康课程是建基于传统中医健康理论及哲学思想，课程目标为帮助进入试管婴儿疗程的妇女达至身体心理灵性健康平衡，透过小组分享舒缓妇女心理压力及提高医疗成效。
Using state - trait anxiety inventory drawn up by spielberger , self - concept scale of university drawn up by huang xiting , zheng yong and coping style questionnaire drawn up by xiao jihua , the author test 1095 college students . the main results are as following : ( 1 ) anxiety level of college students is a significantly higher than the national average . in addition , the student anxiety of different grades is remarkably different , and anxiety state of the junior is higher than other grades 本文的研究过程主要运用spielberger等人编制的状态?特质焦虑问卷和郑涌、黄希庭自编的自我概念量表及肖计划等人的应付方式问卷，对1095名在校大学生进行团体测查，主要研究结果有以下几个方面： ( 1 )大学生整体焦虑显著高于全国常模；大学生焦虑存在显著的年级差异，三年级的焦虑状况显著高于其他年级。
Since the 1980s , endler ( endler , 1983 ; endler , 1989 ; endler & parker , 1992 ) , from the perspective of cross - situational relativity of trait anxiety , had a breakthrough of the solely dimensional view of it , and proposed the multi - dimensional model , paving the way for the study of the relation between trait anxiety and environmental factors 80年代以来， endler ( 1983 ; endler , 1989 ; endler & parker , 1992 )从特质焦虑跨情境的相对性立场出发，在spielberger的基础上突破了特质焦虑单维度的观点，提出了特质焦虑的多维性理论模型，从而为开展特质焦虑与环境因素的关系研究开辟了道路。
