Under the interbank payment system based on real time gross settlement principles , all licensed banks maintain a clearing account with the hong kong monetary authority for the account of the exchange fund 在银行同业即时支付结算系统下，所有持牌银行均在金融管理局开设港元结算户口，并记在基金的帐目上。
As long as the banks have adequate hong kong dollar funds in their clearing accounts to settle their purchases of us dollars from the hkma under the convertibility undertaking they are free to make use of it 只要银行的结算户口有足够的港元资金，结算其根据兑换保证向金管局买入美元的交易，它们便可随时行使兑换保证。
I am sure readers interested in the subject are familiar with this very important element of the monetary base , which is the total sum in those clearing accounts , and the automatic mechanism in which it may be varied 我深信对这个课题有兴趣的读者，都熟知总结馀是货币基础的重要组成部分，也了解总结馀增减的自动调节机制。
Members noted that , as a last resort , the financial secretary had powers under section 3a of the exchange fund ordinance which would allow him to levy charges on hong kong dollar balances in clearing accounts maintained by banks with the hkma 赋予的权力，就银行在金管局所持结算户口的港元结馀徵收费用，作为最后的处理方案。
This started in 1988 with the introduction of the new " accounting arrangements " , which were replaced at the end of 1996 by a requirement for all licensed banks to operate clearing accounts with the hkma 这方面的工作始自1988年推出的新会计安排，其后这项安排在1996年底被取代，由此时起所有持牌银行都要在金管局开设结算户口。
Under the convertibility undertaking the hkma stands ready to convert into us dollars , at a specified exchange rate , any amount of hong kong dollars that licensed banks have in the clearing accounts they maintain with the hkma 根据兑换保证，金管局随时都会按指定的汇率，把银行在金管局的结算户口内的港元兑换为美元，数额不限。
But that disincentive can be made a lot more significant , should there be a need to do so , by our imposing a charge on large balances held in clearing accounts that is punitive enough for individual banks not to hold on to those balances 当然，若情况有需要，我们更可以对结算帐户内的大额结馀收取惩罚性费用，以抑制银行继续持有大额结馀。
These two components are , first , the certificates of indebtedness backing the issue of hong kong dollar bank notes and , second , the aggregate balance in the hong kong dollar clearing accounts that licensed banks hold at the hkma 7 . 80水平汇合。我所指的两个部分是：支持发行港钞所用的负债证明书，以及持牌银行在金管局港元结算户口的总结馀。
