With the development of microelectronic products ( integrated circuit , printed circuit board , etc ) directing to high density , thin separation and low defect ratio , its inspection requirement is higher on aspects of precision , efficiency , universal , and intelligence etc . therefore , this paper researched on the general key techniques in the field of microelectronic products vision inspection , covered the shortage of traditional inspection on aspects of fast and precision locating , image mosaic , and fine defect test , completed theory study on physical dimension and defect inspection of microelectronic products based on machine vision , developed the prototype and used lots of experiments to prove its correctness and feasibility 随着微电子产品(集成电路芯片、印刷电路板等)向着高密度、细间距和低缺陷方向发展,对其检测技术在精密、高效、通用和智能化等方面提出了更高要求。由此,本文对微电子产品视觉检测中的关键技术进行研究,弥补了传统检测在精确快速定位、图像全景组合和精细缺陷检测等方面的不足,最终完成基于机器视觉的微电子产品外形尺寸和缺陷检测的理论研究和样机研制,并进行了大量实验证明其正确性和可行性,力图为我国自主创新的微电子产品视觉检测技术提供理论和实际借鉴。
Today a new application of pll is a great challenge for ic designers to integrate it into an soc . this pll clock generator is designed for an soc chip - " line " ( line is an soc based on an embed 32 - bit microprocessor c * core , which is used in telephone with short message service function , and it can provide the system with multi - frequency clock signals ranging from 93 . 75khz to 180mhz 如今锁相环在集成电路芯片里又找到了新的应用空间，而锁相环时钟发生器就是这些全新应用形式中的一种。本课题来源于项目“ line ” ( “ line ”是一块基于嵌入式32位微处理器核c * core设计的固话短消息soc ) 。
In this thesis , scanning force microscopy ( sfm ) was used to study the nanoscale electric phenomena of the surface and interface properties of ferroelectric thin films . the experimental setup was calibrated by measuring potential distribution of the working resistance of integrated chip 在实验仪器的验证方面,选用集成电路芯片测试单元中的埋置条形电阻作为检测对象,在电阻两端外加直流偏压后检测电阻的电势分布,在已知电阻上电势分布的前提下,验证了开尔文力显微镜检测微区表面电势的可靠性。
The machine can be used in components of automobile and motorcycle , astronautic apparatuses , chips of integrate circuit electronics , packages of food , drink and cigarettes , keys of mobile phone , batteries , electric apparatuses , fittings and peripheral equipments of computer , ironware tools , stainless steel wares , electric products , communication products , medical devices , sanitation , cleaning and bathing wares , clocks and watches , jewelries , industrial bearings , electric wire and cable , garment . it can mark both words and graphs 广泛应用于汽车、摩托车零部件、航天航空器件、集成电路芯片、食品饮料烟草包装、手机按键、电池、电子元器件、电脑零配件及外设、五金工具、不锈钢器具、电器产品、通讯产品、医疗器械、卫浴洁具、钟表、首饰、工业轴承、电线电缆、服装饰品等众多领域的图形和文字的标记
Since the early 1990s , when the electronics industry came to the stage of digital technology , china has broken through in high - end series personal computers and servers , large - scale parallel computer systems , chinese electronic publishing systems , large - scale spc exchanges for central offices , mobile communications systems , sdh wdm fiber communications systems , thin route satellite communications systems , new generation digital video terminals , manufacturing technology for 0 . 8 - 0 . 35 m cmos integrated circuit chips , etc 到90年代进入数字技术阶段,高档系列微机和服务器产品、大规模并行计算机系统、中文电子出版系统、大型局用数字程控交换机、移动通信系统、 sdh波分复用光纤通信系统、稀路由卫星通信系统、新一代数字视频终端、 08 ? 035微米cmos集成电路芯片制造技术等，都有突破性进展。
In recent years , the technology of integrate circuit ( ic ) has been developed greatly . methods and tools of the design in integrate circuit ( ic ) have also been developed rapidly . after computer aided design ( cad ) and electronic design automatic ( eda ) were invented , they are used in all of steps of integrate circuit ( ic ) design . and these tools give devisers much help and enhance the efficiency of the design . but the size of integrate circuit ( ic ) chip was enlarged greately and the structure of integrate circuit ( ic ) chip became more and more complex 随着集成电路和微电子技术的发展,集成电路设计的设计手段和设计工具也取得了很大发展,特别是计算机辅助设计( cad )和电子设计自动化( eda )工具。它们应用于集成电路设计的各个环节,这给设计人员带了很大的帮助,极大的提高了设计效率。但是,集成电路芯片的规模日益增大,结构越来越复杂,计算机辅助设计和电子设计自动化软件工具也显得越来越力不从心。
Thermal and welding residual stress often produces in the proceeding of the electronic package , the residual stress release and thermal deformations of the microelectronics will reduce the assemble intensity between the chip and package , and then debase the electrical performance of the assemble circuit , numerous thermal cycling will lead to thermal fatigue or thermal failure of the microelectronics 电子封装器件在生产的工艺过程中，往往会产生热残余应力以及焊接残余应力，残余应力的释放作用及器件在使用过程中的热变形，会降低集成电路芯片与封装体的结合强度，进而降低集成电路的电性能，反复的热循环，将导致器件的热疲劳失效，严重时可导致硅片或陶瓷片破裂，使整个器件遭到破坏。
Civil air defense alarm system was a system to dispense antiaircraft alarm sig - nal , hand hostile air attack informational communication to urbanite at wartime . it is a particular informational communication system of the civil air defense depart - ment , and can not be taken place . at the development trend of digitaliza - tion , unitization , integration of civil air defense communication , the civil air defense alarm system is developing too , for adaptation to the require of both future war and peaceful dual , and enhancing civil air defense communication system ' s directing automation . in recent years , development of different kinds of communication technology infuses new clearly energy into communication , especially spread spectrum communication , because of its strongly interference - free feature , invisibility best , realizable code division multiple access and antimultipath wane and so on merit , gets extensive use at wireless region ; the corresponding spread spectrum chips emerge as the times and get boom , which provides advantag e to realization of the circuit of spread spectrum communication . at the same time , in company with the advance of electronics level , the single chip microcomputer has a great development , world renowned chip manufacturer pushout respective products one after another , the kinds of which are too many to statiste 在人防通信的数字化、一体化、综合化必然的发展趋势下，人防警报系统也不断发展，以适应未来战争和和平时期的双重需要，提高人防通信系统指挥自动化。近年来，各种通信技术的发展给通信注入了活力，扩频通信更因其抗干扰能力强、隐蔽性好、可实现码分多址和抗多径衰落等优点在无线领域得到了广泛应用；其相应扩频处理芯片应运而生并得到迅速发展，这为扩频通信的电路实现提供便利。同时随着微电子工艺水平的提高，单片微型计算机有了飞跃发展，世界上著名的集成电路芯片制造商纷纷推出各自的产品，单片机型号之多，已达到难以统计的地步。
In the designed hardware , at89c51 single chip computer and many kinds of new type circuit chip ( including : special power measuring chip - cs5460a , ds1302 calendar / clock chip , sms0601 lcd , x5045 serial memory ) are used for design . the hardware circuit is simplified , the meter ' s anti - interference ability is enhanced and the precision of measurement is also advanced 设计中以at89c51单片机为核心，采用多种新型集成电路芯片(包括电能计量专用芯片cs5460a 、 ds1302日历时钟芯片、 sms0601液晶显示器、 x5045串行存储器)进行接口设计，简化了硬件电路，提高了电能表的抗干扰能力和测量精度。
