Logical failures occur when the frame relay link integrity verification protocol , sometimes called the local management interface ( lmi ) , fails to successfully perform a protocol handshake between the switch and the cpe 当帧中继链路完整性验证协议（有时也叫本地管理接口（ lmi ）不能成功地在交换机与cpe之间执行协议握手时，逻辑失效就出现。
To resolve the issue of the execution of efficiency of the system , in addition to a fine structural design of the program , methods such as using a cache memory can both enable the best execution efficiency to your protection management interface program 要解决执行效率的问题，除了程序结构设计要精良外，还可以使用类似高速缓存cache memory的做法，如此将可使保护管理接口程序能有最佳的执行效率。
In the router system , web - based management user interface and command line interface constitute the ui subsystem . these two parts of ui subsystem maintain the same configure information and use the same function to interface with the other parts of the router system 在路由器中，基于web的用户管理接口界面和基于命令行的管理接口界面共同组成了ui子系统，维护相同的配置信息，并且使用相同的底层支持获得管理信息。
This paper addresses how to introduce the corba techologies into the tmn , meanwhile , it also addresses the possible applicatioin of corba in tmn . finally , this paper also introduces the detail design of how to apply a corba middleware tao into alcatel ' s forth generatioin project , using corba as the network management interface between the qaf and nef , the functions in tmn . this paper especially pays attention to the detail design of the netowrk management ' s softweare framework , managed object class and notifciation management , try to find a more elegant design pattern in network management development 随着电信网络技术的不断发展,各种新业务的日新月异,传统的基于osi协议栈的电信管理网tmn在开放性,分布式,互操作性和实现的复杂程度上都日渐不能满足需求,为了解决这样的问题,国际电信联盟itu - t将corba技术引入电信管理网中,本文就如何在tmn电信管理网中引入corba技术,引入后的实际设计问题,以及corba技术在tmn中可能的应用做了一定程度的探讨,并结合alcatel4g网管子项目介绍了如何将基于corba的中间件tao ,应用在网元层网管系统中,作为q接口适配层qaf和网元功能层nef的标准管理接口。
The design theory of a cache memory is when the work - station users login at a network system and perform programs that had been protected , the protection management interface program will protect data that has usually been referred to by the program by reading with the memories of protection lock and put them into the system s memories . after completing this action , users who login from a work - station can perform programs that have been protected and the software protection management interface program will directly refer to data in the system s memory rather than read the data in the memory of protection lock through many procedures 所谓类似cache memory的做法，其设计原理就是当工作站的用户登入网络系统并且执行已接受保证的程序时，保护程序管理接口会将保护管理接口程序经常需要参考的数据，由保护锁的内存读取后，放入系统的内存中在该动作完成后，再由各工作站登入的使用者执行已接受保护的程序，此时软件保护管理界面程序会直接参考位于系统内存中的数据，而不必再透过多层手续去读取位于保护锁内存中的数据了。
With wmi , system administrators and management application developers can use a single interface for local and remote access to win32 , system monitor , wmi for windows driver model ( wdm ) , registry , event logs , desktop management interface ( dmi ) , simple network management protocol ( snmp ) , and any other data wmi generates 使用wmi ，系统管理员和管理应用程序的开发人员使用单一的界面即可从本地和远程访问win32 、系统监视器、 wmiforwindows驱动程序模型（ wdm ） 、注册表、事件日志、桌面管理接口（ dmi ） 、简单网络管理协议（ snmp ）和任何其他wmi生成的数据。
As for the execution efficiency of a system , because networking software protection locks are installed under the network operating system , the management program interface has to consider not to reduce the execution efficiency ; this is particularly important under a large - scale network system , because as there is a bigger data flow under a large - scale network system , the execution efficiency of the network system will be reduced when installing the management interface program under that network system if the program was designed with a poor structure . the cause of this problem is when users whose login from work - station then want to perform a program that has been protected , this action will occupy resources of the system 因为在大型的网络系统下，数据的流通量较大，此时您在该网络系统下架构网络保护锁的管理界面程序时，若该管理接口程序结构设计不良，便会降低该网络的执行效率，其原因就在于：当每位由工作站上登入网络的工作站用户欲执行已接受保护的程序时，该动作会占用系统的资源，如果工作站登入的用户愈来愈多时，便会使得网络保护管理接口程序的工作负载加重。
First it supports the system call interfaces complied with the posix standard , which make convenience to the porting process to delta os for applications . second , delta file 3 . 0 offers the entire supports to the fat logic file system format , and make it suitable in multitasks environment through technique process . once more , delta file 3 . 0 support the flexible virtual file system interface and drive manage interface to make update easier 首先,其系统调用接口遵循posix规范,以便于应用向deltaos进行移植;其次, deltafile3 . 0提供了对fat全系列逻辑文件系统格式(含fat12 、 fat16 、 fat32 )的完全支持,并通过改造将fat这种源于单任务操作系统dos的文件系统标准应用于多任务环境;此外, deltafile3 . 0提供了灵活的虚拟文件系统接口和设备驱动管理接口,便于未来的升级和扩展。
