In the socialist market economy system , price has become a bridge between supply and demand . nowadays , electric industry has not set up an overall binding system on tariff setting owing its entering market later than others 电力工业是进入市场较晚的一个行业，我国至今没有建立一套完整的电价体系约束机制，尤其在销售电价的管理上是失控的。
In a deregulated power system , the trade mode and bid structure of the reactive power market and the model for the reactive power pricing are significant to the reliability and security of the whole power market operation 在电力工业解除管制的条件下，无功市场的交易方式和报价模型以及无功电价的计算方法是关系到整个电力市场安全稳定运行的重要课题。
So , to accelerate the electric industry healthily and orderly , systematic study of application of these financial derivative instrument to electricity power market exchange , which is the subject of this paper , is important and urgent 电力市场中电价的易变性使得各个市场参与者都面临巨大的利益损失风险，如果不加以有效的防范，将会导致灾难性的后果。
On the other hand , the model of forward contract for unilateral - transaction is suitable for incomplete bilateral open power markets , which helps the generation producers and power pool to evade the risks of spot transactions to a certain degree 单边开放的远期交易模式适用于非完备的双边开放电力市场，它可以使发电侧和电力库在一定程度上回避市场电价的风险。
Specialty of price and arithmetic of model based on market economy rule are designed . electricity market user demand forecasting , power corporation costs calculating , mathematic modeling of timed price and the model programming are the main parts of the paper 分时电价建模思想是将电能作为商品、把电力公司作为现代企业，以商品生产规律和市场经济规律为基础，从电力公司商业运营角度来考虑电价的时空特性和计算方法。
As one of power prices to consumers , tou ( time - of - use ) power price is applied in many countries in the world , and it is one of the important methods of dsm ( demand service management ) . it can accomplish the goal of load shifting and reducing costs of power consumers 作为用户侧电价的一种，分时电价目前在世界各国得到了广泛的应用，而且分时电价是需求侧管理的一种重要手段，可以达到削峰填谷与减少用户购电费用的目的。
Firstly , security price is defined . then , on the basis of the qualitative analysis of security price , this paper presents the mathematic models of security pricing to calculate the security price , and also provides a numerical example to verify the feasibility of these models 论文首先对安全电价进行了定义和界定，然后在安全电价的定性分析的基础上，建立了安全电价的数学模型，并结合算例验证了该模型的正确性。
In this thesis , a detailed analysis is given to the rural tariff setting , in which flaws and weakness are also pointed out . with reference to advanced experience in management and enterprise abroad , i put up the new methods of rural tariff setting - long - run marginal cost tariff 本文就农村电价的定价机制作以详细分析，找出其存在的缺陷和弊端，并参照国外农电管理和经营的先进经验，探讨了农村电价定价的新方法? ?远期边际成本法。
Fourthly , calculation and analysis on electricity price enduring ability and target market price shows that : market price should be within consumer ' s ability . then find out the balance point between supplier side price and consumer side price 第四、在对高能耗企业用电的电价承受能力和供电方目标市场定价进行测算和分析的基础上，得出供电方对目标市场的定价必须在用电方能承受的电价之内，从而，找到供用电双方电价的平衡点。
In the past 45 years , such policies are carried out toward water diversion project from yangtze to northern part of jiangsu province ( jswdp ) that province level finance bears the construction , operation , maintenance and reconstruction expenses , and power consumption of pumping stations enjoy preferential electrovalence 摘要45年来，江苏对江水北调工程实行了由省级财政负担工程建设、运行、维修和改造费用和泵站用电享受优待电价的政策。
