The technique is to utilise other supplementary information to make an indirect estimate of the three - dimensional distribution of various meteorological elements ( such as air pressure , wind and moisture ) around the centre of the tropical cyclone 技巧是利用其他辅助资料来推算各类气象要素（包括气压、风和水气）在热带气旋中心附近的三维分布，作为电脑预报模式的初始条件。
Using outputs of ground temperature , vapor pressure , wind speed and low cloudage . middle cloudage as well as high cloudage from mm5v36 , and ground direct radiation and out - going scattered radiation from modtran3 利用数值预报模式mm5v36输出地面气温、水汽压、风速和低云量、中云量及高云量等气象要素。利用大气辐射传输模式modtran3 . 0输出地面太阳直接辐射和射向天空的散射辐射以及总辐射。
Using high - speed computer to tackle the computational demand , numerical weather prediction is the technique used to forecast weather by solving a set of equations within a numerical model that describes the evolution of meteorological variables representing the atmospheric state 中尺度模式:数值天气预报是需要利用高速电脑运算的一种天气预报技巧，透过数值模式内的方程式模拟反映大气状态的各项气象要素之演变。
Using high - speed computer to tackle the computational demand , numerical weather prediction ( nwp ) is the technique used to forecast weather by solving a set of equations within a numerical model that describes the evolution of meteorological variables representing the atmospheric state 中尺度模式:数值天气预报是需要利用高速电脑运算的一种天气预报技巧，透过数值模式内的方程式模拟反映大气状态的各项气象要素之演变。
Abstract : the climate general situation of the highest temperature , relative humidity and wind speed in relation to the body feeling temperature from june to september in qingdao city was analysed statistically . according to the calculating model of body feeling temperature and distribution characteristic of relative meteorology elements , an empirical formula was derived . the body feeling temperature distribution in different scopes corresponds to different hotness index and comfortable feeling of outdoor people 文摘:统计分析了青岛市区夏季( 6 9月)与体感温度关系密切的最高气温、相对湿度和风速的气候概况；根据体感温度的计算型式和有关气象要素的分布特征，得出其经验计算公式；分布在不同区间内的体感温度对应着不同的暑热指数及户外人群的舒适感受。
Surface meteorological measurements generally refer to observations of meteorological elements made near the surface of the earth with the aid of passive sensors such as barometers , thermometers and rain - gauges . measurements by radars and other ground - based active sensors which detect the energy emitted by themselves are not included 地面气象观测通常指在地面上借助气压表、温度表及雨量器等被动式感应器来量度各种气象要素，并不包括用雷达等可以探测本身放射出去的能量的感应器所作的测量。
The third part takes droughts of chongqing in 2001 as an example . it analyses in detail meteorological element characteristics , such as pre ? ipitation , evaporating , sunshine time , etc . moreover , this part analyses the emergence evolution and the cause of formation of the drought during 2001 of chongqing , too 第三部分以重庆市2001年旱灾为例，详细分析2001年重庆市旱灾发生时的降水、蒸发、日照时数等气象要素特点，及2001年旱灾成因和旱灾的发生发展过程。
In order to make clear the changing situation about various meteorological element fields during the heavy rain . the diagnostic analysis in three aspects was done in this text : the vapor conditions , in which the difference of the temperature and dew point , relative humidity , vapor flux and the divergence of vapor flux were discussed ; the dynamic and thermodynamic conditions , vorticity , divergence and vertical velocity were analyzed ; the vertical layer condition , which included potential temperature , static stability , convective ( potential ) instability and the vertical profile of eight physical fields over the observatory of shenyang 为了弄清这次暴雨过程各气象要素场的演变情况，分三方面对暴雨的水汽条件(使用了温度露点差、相对湿度、水汽通量和水汽通量散度) 、动力条件(使用了散度、涡度和垂直速度)和垂直层结条件(使用了位温、静力稳定度和潜在不稳定度以及沈阳单站的8个物理量的垂直廓线)等的变化，分别进行了诊断分析。
The system is run in a parallel environment of yh / cs16 . initialization and 48 hours forecasts for hunan province areas can be completed in about 50 minutes by the yh / cs16 . the operation experiments of the system are carried on from may 2002 and they can provide the forecasts of meteorological elements every 3 hours 在yh / cs16系统中运行该预报系统作48小时预报，所需机时为50分钟，满足实时业务需要。该系统于2002年5月起进行实时运行试验，可提供湖南范围每3小时多种气象要素预报。
We classified flood and drought years of summer and autumn , it is pointed out in the paper that there are circulation anomaly in 500mb height field before flood or drought years . we also find out that there are intimated relation between autumn floods and droughts of zhejiang province and the macro - scale rain belt . the meteorological elements emergence abnormal features in summer before flood and drought years . we make out predictor to predicate summer precipation 论文结合三种排序方法划分了夏秋旱涝年，研究表明，夏季、秋季旱涝年前期冬季和夏季500hpa高度场环流有明显的异常特征，夏秋旱涝与我国夏秋大尺度天气气候异常有密切的关系，旱涝前期我国气象要素场有明显的异常特征。制作了浙江省夏季旱、涝预报工具。
