Abstract : this paper presents the finite element formulation of frame structures with distributed piezoelectric sensors and actuators . the piezoelectric stiffness matrix and dielectric stiffness matrix of a frame element are derived . a numerical example is given to illustrate the application of piezoelectric sensors and actuators in structure vibration control by implementing two fundamental control laws 文摘:重点阐述了含压电传感器和执行器的复合结构框架有限元模型的建立过程,导出了压电框架单元的压电刚度矩阵和介电刚度矩阵;进而引入基本控制规律用数值例子说明了压电传感器与执行器在结构的振动控制中的具体应用。
Based on the layered network framework for power supply system , this paper introduces corresponding devices of simens , ct etc . , structures simulation system for power supply based on profibus - dp , and basically realizes some primary functions of substation automation , operation control system and traction power supply system 根据所提出的供电系统的网络层次结构，应用siemens等公司的相关设备，组建了基于profibus - dp现场总线的供电模拟系统，完成了变电站自动化系统，运行控制系统，牵引控制系统的几项基本控制功能。
According to the shear - type floor model of frame structure , a basic control equation is constructed to analyze the nonlinear seismic responses of structure equipped with edd - bracing system . subsequently the dynamical finite element analysis are carried on to obtain the seismic response of a twelve - floor r . c frame with the three edd - bracing system under minute earthquake and disastrous earthquake , and the conclusions provide useful references for practical earthquake - resistant design 基于框架结构剪切型层模型，建立了耗能阻尼器对建筑结构非线性地震反应的基本控制方程，由此进行了某十二层钢筋混凝土框架结构设置三种耗能阻尼器在多遇和罕遇地震下的动力有限元分析，为进行实际结构设置耗能阻尼器的抗震设计提供了有益的参考。
By using for reference , in theory , simply introduced the basic working principle of the secondary adjusting hydrostatic transmission system , the basic controlling rules of secondary regulation , and the most radical controlling rules such as rotational speed , torque control and power control etc . by analyzing theory and studying , check - uping the motion parts of secondary element and constructing the control system ; and setting up the topmost rotational speed control system ; designing and completing the software of date processing and system control 通过参考相关的资料，从理论上介绍了二次调节静液传动系统原理，二次调节系统的基本控制规律，简要介绍了最基本控制规律如：转速控制、扭矩控制和恒功率控制等。在理论分析和研究的同时，对二次元件的运动部件的检测和控制系统进行构建；组建了二次元件最高转速控制系统；设计并完成了数据采集和系统控制软件；同时，对二次元件控制系统和制动特性采用pid控制进行计算机仿真研究。
The main works of the thesis are as follows : design a type of practical omni - directional wheel which is used in the omni - directional system ; resolve the problem that all the four wheels cannot contact with the ground evenly in different terrain locomotion . several alternative absorbers are designed to absorb the shock brought by the chassis of robot . a device for the installation and adjustment of the omni - vision system has been invented . then we put all the function parts together to form a steady - going system 本论文设计并实现了一种较为实用化的全向轮;解决了四轮在平面内驱动存在的四点不能同时着地问题;为全向移动平台设计并实现了多套行之有效的减振装置;为全向移动平台的全向视觉系统设计了一套安装调节装置;将各个功能模块合理整合成为一套性能稳定的全向运动系统;系统地分析了全向运动平台的运动性能;得出了平台的运动学及动力学模型描述;介绍了全向移动平台的基本控制方法。
Abstract : with ket model of dense liquid - solid two - phase turbulent flow and control equations established by the authors and considering the interaction between particle and blade in the boundary condition , a numerical simulation of dense liquid - solid two - phase turbulent flow in a centrifugal pump impeller was performed , and some flow features were captured , thus the theory foundation was laid for two - phase flow pump design 文摘:利用作者建立的描述密相液固两相湍流的ket模型和推导的基本控制方程组，在处理壁面边界条件时考虑了颗粒和叶片的相互碰撞作用，对离心泵叶轮内密相液固两相流动进行了数值模拟，得到了泵叶轮内两相流动的一些规律，为液固两相流泵的设计提供了一定的理论依据。
4 , it has shown , through the study on the temperature modeling of ertan reservoir , that the location of upstream boundary can not be placed on the section with a great temperature gradient in vertical , because the water temperature distribution at upstream boundary can control the temperature structure in reservoir 4 .在二滩水库水温模拟研究的基础上对入口边界的设定作了初步的研究，认为入口边界不适宜选择垂向温度梯度较大的断面。这是因为入口水温垂向分布基本控制了库区水温的分层状况，而且入口边界的速度和温度条件的不匹配会导致较大的误差。
The basic elements and the operating principle of the control system are analyzed first . the dynamic mathematic model of bldcm , the dual - closed loop dynamic mathematic model of control system and its control strategy are also researched in this thesis . a control system of 48 voltages dual - redundancy repm bldcm is designed based on pure hardware and tested for control actuator 论文首先分析了无刷直流电动机控制系统基本构成、工作原理，研究了无刷直流电动机动态数学模型、双闭环无刷直流电动机控制系统动态数学模型及其基本控制策略，设计了一套由纯硬件构建的舵机用48v双余度稀土永磁无刷直流电动机控制系统，并进行了实验测试。
The distortion introduced by switching power amplifier is typically larger than in their linear counterparts due to intrinsic nonlineariry of switching converter . one of the key factors of affecting fidelity of switching power amplifier is control technique . one cycle control theory developed since 1990s is a large signal nonlinear pwm technology , which basic concept is to force the average of the controlled switch - variable to be equal or proportional to the control reference in each switching cycle . one cycle control technique features the merit of simple circuit structure , high control precision , fast dynamic response , and control performance not affected by the variable of power parameters . it is very suitable to control switching power amplifier 控制技术是影响开关功率放大器保真度的关键因素之一。单周控制理论是20世纪90年代初提出的一种大信号、非线性pwm控制技术，其基本控制思想是保证在每一个开关周期中开关变量与控制参考量相等或成比例。它具有结构简单、控制精度高、响应速度快，控制性能不受电源参数变化影响等优点，因此非常适合于控制开关功率放大器。
Results after intervention , blood pressure of the whole subjects were under control and kept the level of baseline data ; the rate of increase of prevalence in the intervention areas was below the rate of that from 1979 to 1991 in china ( the former was 14 . 7 % , while the latter was 53 . 7 % ) ; the incidence rate of the subjects was 1 . 4 % , close to the average rate of age 15 and above in china ; the rates of awareness , treatment and control were above the levels of baseline data ; sbp and dbp of the patients decreased by 2 . 9 % and 5 . 6 % , respectively ; while the rate of having high risk factors reduced by 13 . 4 % on average 结果通过干预，全部调查对象的收缩压和舒张压基本控制在基线时的水平；干预社区患病率的上升速度低于我国从1979年到1991年高血压患病率的上升速度(前者为14 . 7 ，后者为53 . 7 ) ；调查人群的年发病率估计值为1 . 4 ，接近全国15岁及以上人群1 . 0的发病率；高血压患者的知晓率、治疗率和控制率明显高于基线时的水平；高血压患者收缩压和舒张压均值较基线分别下降了2 . 9和5 . 6 ；高危人群各类高危因素的比例平均下降了13 . 4 。
