合议庭

• Absorb initially choice of value of procedural justice , the structure of neutral judgment of a judge comes into being initially , the power of collegial bench is strengthened , adverse of a trial is strengthened , efficiency of a trial is raised
  初步吸收了程序公正的价值取向，法官居中裁判的格局初步形成，合议庭职权得到加强，庭审对抗性得以强化，审判效率有所提高。
• The court system has set up 544 collegiate panels for safeguarding the rights and interests of women and children , employing 4 , 266 full - time cadres from women ' s organizations as people ' s assessors to directly participate in the trial of cases involving women ' s rights and interests
  法院系统设置了544个维护妇女、儿童权益的合议庭，聘请4266名妇联组织的专职维权干部担任人民陪审员，直接参与妇女权益案件的审理工作。
• Article 70 a people ' s court shall , after examination and verification by its collegiate bench , rule to cancel an award if a party to the case provides evidence proving that the arbitration award involves one of the circumstances prescribed in clause 1 , article 260 of the civil procedure law
  第七十条当事人提出证据证明涉外仲裁裁决有民事诉讼法第二百六十条第一款规定的情形之一的，经人民法院组成合议庭审查核实，裁定撤销。
• Article 22 the higher people ' s court shall , in accordance with the relevant provisions of this law and of extradition treaties regarding conditions for extradition , examine the request for extradition made by the requesting state , which shall be conducted by a collegial panel composed of three judges
  第二十二条高级人民法院根据本法和引渡条约关于引渡条件等有关规定，对请求国的引渡请求进行审查，由审判员三人组成合议庭进行。
• The law also should definitely prescribe that high court should hold a court to approve the case of reprieve and the defendant should be provided with the right of justification , especially the lawyer ’ s right of justification in the procedure of approving reprieve
  要明确规定高级人民法院核准本院审理的死缓案件,应当另行组成合议庭。要明确被告人在死缓核准程序中同样享有辩护权,特别是律师辩护权,赋予辩护人会见被告人及必要的调查取证权利。
• Up to 1999 , the rate of re - trial cases to second - insance judgments rezched 25 % . these shocking figures reveal an undeniable fact that the main structure of judicial hierarchy system , the so - called " two - tiered system ( the second instance is final ) " , now exists in name only
  其指导思想是以宪法和诉讼法等法律为根据，以保障公正裁判为目的，以公开审判为重心，以“三个强化” (强化庭审功能、强化当事人举证责任、强化合议庭职责)为内容。
• The author issued that a case ca n ' t be heard by a court that is a abstract organization , on the country , the independence of judge is the presumption that the judge performs the duties of his office , so we should advocate the independence of judge in china from a long term point of view
  笔者认为，一件案件是不可能由法院这一抽象的集体来审理的，法官独立是法官正确行使审判权的前提，中国从长远的角度来看应当确认法官独立制度，但因为目前中国法官整体的理性不够以及法官独立的社会的监督不健全等因素的存在，应当采用合议庭独立的方式作为过渡。
• The current public prosecution mode in our country took shape from the past whole case - examine mode in the base of the thinking to get ride of the drawbacks in the past . in practice , it has not only become effective and cause out a lot of new defaults , for example , the definition of the main evidence is not clear , the transfer range of the case files is unclear and the stipulate of the examine consequence is not enough . in order to reform and perfect the current public prosecution mode , we should regard the theory of the public prosecution as guide , combine our country ' s conditions , on methodology jump out of the circle relatively drawing lessons from the past , on the procedural theory , change the idea that the forejudge caused from the substantive examination and clarify the objective fact the current public prosecution include the essential substantive examination , in practice regard legitimacy , rationality and flexibility as the principle of law enforcement before the law to revise , in legislation define the concept of the main evidence clearly , add the regulation to dispatch the examine judge and the trial judge , regulate the treatment methods after examination and revise some rules about the summary procedure
  以公诉审查制度的诉讼理念为指导，结合我国的国情，对现行公诉审查模式的改革和完善，在方法论上跳出以往比较借鉴的圈子；在诉讼理念上改变过去庭审法官预断必然缘于实体性审查的观念，以澄清现行公诉审查模式包括必要的实体审的客观事实；在实践中以合法性、合理性和灵活性作为立法修改前的执法原则；在立法上明确界定主要证据的范围是对证明犯罪是否成立起主要作用或有重要影响的证据，其中既包括有罪证据也包括无罪证据，增加规定公诉审查法官与正式庭审法官分立制度，补充规定对公诉审查后开庭审理之外的其它情况的处理方法以及对于人民法院在审理过程中发现不宜适用简易程序的，取消原刑诉法应当按照一般公诉案件适用的普通审判程序重新审理的规定，改为由审理该案件的独任审判员以外的审判员重新组成合议庭对该案件进行重新审理等。