As to the high - density polyethylene , two strategies were performed : ( 1 ) after being modified by grafting polar groups on its backbone , polyethylene and organic montmorillonite were melt mixed directly , which could obtain the polyethylene / montmorillonite nanocomposites . the effect of groups grafted on the backbone on the efficiency of intercalation was investigated in this paper ; ( 2 ) choosing the grafters obtained in this experiment as the compatilizers , polyethylene / montmorillonite nanocomposites had also been prepared by melt mixing the polyethylene , grafter and organic montmorillonite . the difference of grafters and sequence of mixing on the intercalation result had also been analyzed 对于高密度聚乙烯，采用以下两种思路进行： ( 1 )对聚乙烯首先进行功能化改性，使聚乙烯分子链上接枝上不同的极性基团，将改性后的聚乙烯再同有机蒙脱土直接熔融复合，成功的制备了聚乙烯蒙脱土纳米复合材料，并考察了接枝到聚乙烯主链上基团的不同对最终插层效果的影响； ( 2 )选用制得的接枝物作为相容剂，将聚乙烯，接枝物，有机蒙脱土三者熔融复合，也可以得到聚乙烯蒙脱土纳米复合材料，并对选用不同的接枝物作为相容剂以及复合顺序对最终插层效果的影响加以分析。
Poor thermal stability as a bottleneck has limited the development of liquid crystal photo - alignment technique . the intrinsic reason is that the photosensitive polymer has large space resistance and decreases the reaction degree of the directional photo - polymerization . the effective solution is focused in the increase of orientational order of photo - alignment film 光控取向技术瓶颈问题是稳定性差，其根本原因是光敏高分子空间位阻太大，定向交联的反应度太低，有效解决方法应是降低位阻，提高定向交联度和取向膜分子链段的有序度。
With its gentle nature , the product possesses the function of protecting skin surface cells , quickly infiltrating into the skin and making hair to expand , softening and cutting off the keratin molecule linkage that constitutes hair to achieve the aim of hair - follicle depilating of surplus body hair 本品性质温和，具有保护肌肤表层细胞的功效，能迅速渗入并使毛发膨胀，软化并切断构成毛发的角蛋白分子链，从而安全、快速、简单地对人体多余毛发进行毛囊脱毛，令脱毛后的肌肤毛孔紧致，让皮肤细胞得到滋润，气味清新。
Base on our experimental results , a conclusion can be deduced . when the polymer and silicate layers have some capacity , the polymer chains with great molecular weight can exert much greater shear and stress , which is favorable to the exfoliation . while , the huge molecular weight could lead to the loss of fluidity of the polymer melt 在树脂基体于粘土片层具有一定相容性的前提下，分子量较大的分子链对粘土片层可产生较大的作用力，利于粘土片层的剥离；但过大的分子量又降低了聚合物熔体的流动性，妨碍了粘土的进一步插层。
We believe the fine mechanical properties of tubular film are related to its fine chain orientation structure by using pole figure investigation and polarized fourier transform infrared ( ftir ) spectra analysis , the modes of orientation for flat and tubular films are obtained . it was found that the cellulose chains of the flat and tubular films have an uniplanar orientation mode with respect to the film surface 通过x衍射织构(极图)分析和偏振红外光谱分析建立了平膜和管膜的取向模型：平膜和管膜都有单平面取向；平膜中的分子链在膜表面内呈无规取向:管膜中的分子链则相对于拉伸方向有明显择优取向。
In this paper , high density polyethylene / bentonite nanocomposites were prepared by simple melt compounding , their structures were demonstrated with x - ray diffraction , ft - ir spectra and dta . it was proved that the molecular chain of pe could be intercalated in layered silicate of organobentonite ， the intercalation nanocomposites were obtained 本文采用简单熔融插层复合法制备高密度聚乙烯/膨润土纳米复合材料，用x -射线衍射、红外光谱和差热分析等手段表征了复合材料的结构，证实聚乙烯分子链确已进入有机膨润土的硅酸盐片层间，形成插层型纳米复合材料。
Poly ( m - phenylene - isophthalamide ) ( mpia ) , poly ( p - phenylene and 4 , 4 ' - diphenyl ether terephthalamide ) ( dpeta ) etc nanoflbers are electrospun , and the different diameters of different polymers nanoflbers are described . the result is related with different molecular chains , and the structures of molecular chain decide the diameter ranges of electrospun fibers . the blend solutions of pan & second cellulose acetate ( sca ) are electrospun to get synthetic fabrics 进行聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺( mpia ) 、聚4 ， 4 ’ -二氨基二苯醚撑对苯二甲酰对苯二胺( dpeta )等高性能纤维的电纺丝，发现不同高聚物所能得纤维细度有较大差别，这与二者的分子链结构有很大的关系。
A solid - state shear compounding technology based on pan - milling ( s3c ) has established , by which the graphite with weakly combined structure are exfoliated and then compounded with pp at nanoscale . the obtained pp / graphite nanocomposites have greatly enhanced electrical and thermal conductivity . their structures and properties were characterized by analysis of particle size and distribution , sem , tem , xrd , the electrical conductivity , the thermal conductivity and heat - decomposition temperature etc . by taking advantages of the layered inorganic fillers with a weak interaction between layers ( e . g 磨盘碾磨剪切力场使pp分子链断裂，相对分子质量减小，石墨的导热和润滑性能抑制pp的降解和粉碎，使pp / yep250 (膨胀石墨250倍)复合粉磨盘碾磨固相剪切复合技术及导电导热pp /石墨纳米复合材料的制备与性能体中， pp分子运动活性提高，结晶能力增强，为pp在熔融加工中进一步向己剥离的石墨片层间扩散，形成纳米复合结构创造了条件。
Afm - based single molecule force spectroscopy and optical tweezers can be used to study the molecule - level mechanical problems of polymer materials , which include the strength and elastic properties of single polymer chain , force - induced conformation transition of polymer chain , interaction among polymer molecules , adsorption strength and conformation of polymer chain on solid substrates , nanometer - scale viscoelasticity measurement and nano - tribology of polymer surfaces 摘要基于原子力显微技术的单分子力谱法和光钳法可用于研究聚合物材料分子层次上存在的力学问题，包括聚合物分子链的强度、弹性性质及外力作用下的构象转变、分子间相互作用、聚合物分子的界面吸附以及聚合物表面的纳米粘弹性和纳米摩擦学等问题。
The urea - formaldehyde ( uf ) polymer / sio2 composite microspheres were prepared by polymerization - induced colloid aggregation ( pica ) method . the formation mechanism of composite microspheres is attributed to the fact that that urea and formaldehyde firstly undergo acid - catalyzed polymerization to form oligomers , and then the sol particles are adsorbed on the chain of oligomers by wan der walls force and hydrogen bonding . when the oligomers reach the critical chain length , they separate from solution due to phase separation 对复合微球形成机理的研究表明，尿素和甲醛在酸性条件下自身聚合可以形成高分子微球，在sio _ 2酸性溶胶中发生聚和反应时，随着反应的进行，齐聚物不断生成， sio _ 2胶体颗粒逐渐吸附在齐聚物分子链上，当聚合物链达到沉淀临界链长时，由于相分离作用，从前驱物溶液中析出，同时sio _ 2胶体颗粒均匀的分布在脲醛聚合物网络中，随之沉淀出来，形成脲醛sio _ 2复合微球。
