When we review the course of development of procuratorial system and change of the public procurators powers in france , germany , britain and the united states , we notice that the public procurators " powers have tended to expand with the advance of procuratorial system . the powers of the public procurators in the countries of continental law system are far more extensive than those of the public procurators in the countries of anglo - american law system . western countries regard the public procurators as the prosecutors of the state . they represent the state to prosecute crimes in order to maintain the integration of the legal system . hence the powers of prosecution are the basic and main ones of the public procurators in the western countries . moreover the powers of prosecution have tended to be strengthened 纵横概览法国、英国、德国和美国检察制度的发展历程和检察官职权的演变，我们注意到，各国检察官的职权伴随着检察制度的演进而呈不断扩大的趋势。大陆法系国家检察官的职权远比英美法系国家检察官的职权广泛。西方国家把检察官作为国家公诉人，为了维护国家法制的统一，代表国家追诉犯罪，因而公诉权是西方国家检察官的基本职权和主要职权，而且公诉权一直有不断强化的趋势。
This thesis elaborates on the phenomenon of topic control in courtroom interactions , especially the interactions between judges , lawyers or prosecutors and defendants or witnesses . by analyzing the courtroom interactions , we aim to demonstrate how topics are controlled by questioners , and , more importantly , how desired information is solicited through topic control 本文从语篇分析的角度，对中国和美国法庭审判中，法官，公诉人或律师在问话中如何控制被告或证人的话题进行研究，旨在揭示话题控制在问话人获取所需信息过程中所起的作用。
The case that could be indicted by the prosecutorial organization was the one which damaged common benefit of community seriously or destroy the public law order in our country . the law status of the prosecutorial organization in the civil public prosecution can only be litigant , and the most exact appellation should be " civil public prosecutor " , possessing the punishment right in entity and procedure . the civil public prosecution case still touch on some particular procedural problems , such as the problem of preparation before prosecution , prosecutorial domination problem , entity plaintiff problem , the problem of appeal together with the counter claim , litigation supervision problem and the particular effectiveness problem of the civil public prosecution 我国可以由检察机关提起民事公诉的案件主要是严重损害社会公共利益或破坏公法秩序的案件。检察机关在民事公诉中只能处于诉讼当事人的法律地位，最准确的称谓应该是“民事公诉人” ，应享有实体及程序上的处分权。民事公诉案件还涉及到某些特殊的程序问题，如诉前准备程序、检察管辖问题、实体原告问题、上诉与反诉问题、诉讼监督问题、民事公诉的特殊效力问题等。
