With the development of research techniques and the further study on glias , mounting evidences have suggested the bidirectional signaling between neurons and glias . glias may be an integral part of the communication network within the central nervous system and regulate neuronal activity 近20多年来随着研究手段的进步，对神经胶质细胞的研究不断深入，越来越多的实验显示，胶质细胞与神经元之间存在双向通讯，并能主动调控神经元的活动，参与多种信号的整合。
Olfactory system is the few parts of the adult mammalian central nerve system where neural regeneration occurs all through life . oec is a kind of special glia located exclusively in the olfactory bulb , olfactory epithelium and olfactory nerve . it shares many properties of both astrocytes and schwann cells 嗅神经鞘细胞( olfactoryensheathingcells ， oecs )是专一的分布在嗅神经，嗅上皮，嗅球的一种特殊的神经胶质细胞，兼具中枢神经系统( centralnervesystem ， cns )星形胶质细胞和外周神经系统( peripherynervesystem ， pns )雪旺氏细胞的特性。
On the basi s of these results , time - dependent glias changes in the brain were observed with the same model by investigating the expression of s - 100 protein , a specific marker for glias , mainly for astrocytes . our results shown : compared with those of the unradiated rats , the number of s - 100 protein immunoreactive positive glial cells in the brains of the irradiated rats increased gradually . more s - 100 - positive glial cells with multiple long processes and hypertrophic cell bodies were also observed in these areas 在此基础上，又做了同一照射剂量（ 20gy ）照射大鼠半脑后不同存活期间（ id ， 7d ； 14d ， zld ， 28d ）大鼠全脑s 100动态变化的观察，发现其规律如下：在上述时间点大鼠脑内各部位卜刁m蛋白免疫反应细胞数量进行性增加，伴有s 100免疫阳性细胞的胞体逐渐增大和交起增多，与正常对照组具有明显的差异。
Immunohistochemistry method was used to observe the temporal and spatial expression of nmdar2 , signal molecules , skeleton proteins and connexins in son neurons and glias ( astrocytes and microglias ) . radioimmunoassay was used to detect vasopressin ( vp ) content in plasma before and after hyperosmotic stimulation . ultrastructure between activated son astrocytes and neurons was observed by double immune - electron - microscopic staining method 应用免疫组织化学方法光镜下观察高渗刺激后，大鼠视上核胶质细胞(星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞)受体( nmdar2 ) 、信号分子、骨架蛋白及缝隙连接蛋白的表达的时空变化；应用放免测定检测高渗刺激前后血浆中vp含量。
Not only the neurons but also the as in the rat brain play a very important role in the process of the peripheral nociceptive stimulation ; ? he newly - found eda may be the functional intercommunication ultrastructure between neurons and as , through which the as could modulate the neurons in the pain signal processing ; @ as might play an active and important role for modulation of pain through a new pathway from the peripheral afferent nerve to the as , then to neurons via electron - dense areas forming the glia - neuron s ignaling network 光、电镜水平发现as与神经元之间有多种途径进行信息交流，新发现的eda有可能是神经元与as之间信息交流的结构之一。阻断as与神经元间信息交流连接后，前者对外周组织4第四军医大学博士学位论文损伤所致疼痛的反应不受影响，而后者的反应明显受到抑制，提示在非病理性疼痛反应中，胶质细胞对神经元具有主动调控作用。
The present studies aimed to find the responses of neurons and glias in the target and other brain areas of the linear accelerator - irradiated rats . in the first experiment , time - dependent neurons changes in the brain after hemispheric irradiation at an single - fraction maximal dose of 20 gy were observed by investigating the expression of an immediate early gene , fos protein . the results shown : compared with that of the un - radiated rats , the expression of fos protein in the irradiated brain decreased distinctly 24 hours and 1 week after irradiation 首先，利用即刻早期基因fos的表达，做了同一照射剂量( 20gy )照射大鼠半脑后不同存活期间( 1d ， 7d ， 14d ， 2ld ， 28d )大鼠全脑神经元动态变化的观察，发现：受照射后1d 、 7d大鼠脑内各部位fos蛋白表达均明显减少，随着时间的延长，其fos免疫反应性细胞数量逐渐增加，照射后28d ，延髓、第四军医大学硕士学位论文脑桥内hs免疫阳性细胞数量恢复并超过正常对照组水平，但中脑、间脑及端脑内未恢复到正常对照组水平。
