As one of the difficult point of teaching and learning compared with the integral applied problem , it is inevitable that the resolving process of fraction applied problem will encounter many difficulties and obstacles because of controlling of high fraction abstract and complicated character 作为应用题教与学难点之一的分数应用题，由于受分数相对抽象性和运算复杂性特点的制约，加之应用题教学本身固有的困难，相对于整数应用题而言，其解答过程不可避免地会遇到更多困难和障碍。
The second part : investigation on present condition . at first , make a survey in terms of questionnaire on teachers teaching objects , teaching focus and designing of open applied problems and processing of math practical active class , etc . furthermore , another investigation is made . that is the students " attitude toward applied problems and their emotional experience when using it to deal with the problem in the life and so on 首先以教师对应用题教学目标、应用题教学关键点的认识，以及教师对开放性应用题的设计和数学实践活动课的开展情况等9个项目进行问卷调查；又以学生对解答应用题的态度、学生用数学知识解决实际问题的情感体验等6个项目进行了调查，经数据处理显示调查结果；其次经过访谈、座谈，有针对性地就问卷中的一些问题进行了深入的探讨和分析。
Mathematical problem solving , especially mathematical applied problem solving , is an important aspect of mathematical teaching , and is also one of the focuses of psychology and pedagogy . but there is no complete and deep research of minority nationality students " mathematical problem solving , nor the research of factors that influence it 数学问题解决尤其是数学应用题解决长期以来都是数学教育的重要内容，一直是心理学、教育学研究的热点问题之一，但是对于少数民族学生数学问题解决的表现和特点却缺乏全面、深入的研究，对于影响民族学生问题解决因素的定量研究也不多见。
Taking students of grade one in junior middle school as subjects , the paper discusses how to apply problem - based learning to composition instruction and the effect of this research . this research found that : 1 . pbl exerted a significant effect on enhancing the achievement of the students of junior one 本研究还以初一学生为被试，探讨了基于问题学习在作文教学中的应用方法与效果，研究发现： ( 1 )基于问题学习对初一学生作文水平的提高有显著的影响； ( 2 )基于问题学习对初一学生作文成绩的影响有显著性别差异； ( 3 )基于问题学习对初一学生作文成绩的影响与学生原有的作文态度有关。
