Carrot tissue culture and plant regeneration factors including explants , medium and culture condition are combined together to study the most efficient protocol of carrot tissue culture and plant regeneration thereof . the most suitable explant is fresh hypocotyls segment and precultured hypocotyls derived from 7 - 10 day old aseptic plantlets generating in dark or in dim light , the best recipe for cullus induction and subculture is b5c ( 85 with 0 . 5mg / l 6ba and 0 . 5mg / l 2 , 4 - d ) , the ideal recipe for plant regeneration is 65 or ms free of hormone . a phytotron with a 16 / 8 h day / night cycle , at 25 is feasible for plant regeneration , and occasional exposure to sun light dramatically stimulates plant growth 建立了高效的胡萝卜组织培养及再生体系以适于生产饮料的胡萝卜“新黑田五寸人参”为材料，研究不同外植体、不同培养基，不同培养条件对胡萝卜愈伤诱导及再生的影响，建立一套高效的胡萝卜组织培养再生体系：最适于诱导愈伤的外植体是弱光或黑暗下发芽7 - 10d无菌苗下胚轴，最适合的愈伤诱导培养基和继代培养是b _ 5c ( b _ 5 + 0 . 5mg l6ba + 0 . 5mg l2 ， 4 - d ) ，最适于植株再生的培养基为不添加任何激素的b _ 5或ms ，组织培养条件为25 、光照周期为16hr 8hr 。
No callus occurred from hairy roots on medium lacking 2 , 4 - d . high concentration ( l . 0mg / 1 ) of 2 , 4 - d could induce much more calli , but it obstructed the growth of calli and followed buds differentiation . the result of callus induction showed that the optimum medium for callus induction was ms + 0 . 5mg / l 2 , 4 - d + 0 . 5mg / l 6 - ba and ms + 0 愈伤组织诱导最佳培养基为： ms 05mg l个d 05mg l ba ，愈伤组织生长的最佳培养基为ms 0ling 12 ， 4 d cling 16ea ；愈伤组织能在不含激素的培养基上自发地分化出不定芽，但分化频率较低，而6ea对不定芽的分化作用较明显，配合使用6习a和naa对芽的诱导及得芽率较好，不定芽诱导的最佳培养基为ms 10mgilnaa 05mg lia培养基。
The results showed that high concentration of 2 , 4 - d was required for callus induction from mature seeds of tall fescue , and combination of 8mg / l 2 , 4 - d with 2mg / l aba gave best induction effects . by slicing sterilized seeds longitudinally or cutting embryos , callus induction frequency was profoundly increased over intact seeds from one and half to eight times . adoption of ms basal medium and supplementation of 0 . 5g / l casamino acids and 0 . 5g / l glutamine in medium were found to help to facilitate callus induction 研究表明，高羊茅成熟种子愈伤组织诱导需要较高浓度的2 ， 4 - d ，以8mg l2 ， 4 - d与2mg laba配合能获得最佳的诱导效果；种子灭菌后纵切或切胚，可使出愈率成倍提高；采用ms基本培养基和在培养基中添加0 . 5g l的水解酪蛋白与谷氨酰胺也有助于提高出愈率；低剂量( 10gy )射线辐照处理对成熟种子愈伤组织尤其是胚性愈伤组织形成有一定的刺激效应。
2 established the regeneration system with mature embryos of rice ( 1 ) the optional inducing medium of callus is ms basal medium supplemented 3mg / l 2 , 4 - d , 30g / lsucrose and 8g / l agar . ( 2 ) the rate of callus induction varied with the genotypes . dongnong v - 10 has the highest inducing rate among 4 tested genotypes , up to 96 . 1 % ; the second is song 93 - 8 and dongnong 419 , and the average inducing rate renched 88 . 9 % and 88 . 3 % respectively ( 2 )不同基因型愈伤组织诱导率有差异，供试的4个基因型中，东农v10诱导率最高，平均诱导率达到96 . 1 ；其次是松93 - 8和东农419 ，平均诱导串分别为88 . 9和88 . 3 ；富士光诱导率最低，平均诱导率为78 . 9 。
The condition of somatic embryogenesis under different hormone conditions was discussed . the amount of embryo decreased but the amount of calli increased as the increase of kt concentration under the same 2 , 4 - d level after embryogenesis calli were transferred to medium with no hormone . the suitable concentration of kanamycin for selecting transgenic explants in the course of carrot tissue culture was screened in order to strictly select transformant 2 ， 4 ? d浓度相同kt浓度不同的激素组合随着kt浓度的升高，诱导的胚性愈伤转至不含激素的培养基上后胚状体发生量及发生胚状体的块数都随kt浓度增加而减少，但愈伤组织块的生长量却随kt的浓度升高而增加。
Different maize genotypes showed different ability of emberyogenic calli establishment and plant regeneration . mol7 , ji846 , 81162 and 7922 had the most high rate of induction , ye 107 , 5416 and 444 were high , but longkang11 and dongnong46 had little rate of it ; the concentration of 2 , 4 - d had an enfluence on the mopha , growth and differentiation of calli 玉米胚性愈伤组织的发生是受遗传因素控制的，不同基因型其胚性愈伤组织发生率及植株再生能力存在显著差异，其中以81162 、吉846 、 7922 、 mo17的胚性愈伤诱导频率较高，掖107 、 5416 、 444的诱导率较低，龙抗11 、东农46最低。
