Preprocess of image before qbic ( including removal of noise and sharpening of image and so on ) . mainly introducing the feature of the noise , the origin of the noise , model of the noise , median filtering and equilibrium of the gray 图像查询前的预处理工作(图像的噪声，图像去噪，锐化等) 。主要介绍了噪声的特征、噪声的来源、噪声的模型、中值滤波、拉普拉斯锐化、灰度的均衡等。
Processing of 10 , 12 and 16 - bit grey images and 24 - bit colour images built in a number of functions for image operation and processing , as image zooming , magnifying glass , image pan , rotating and reflecting , density inverting , image optimization , colour remapping etc 如影像位置及方向的变换影像密度反转影像二维重建影像拼接影像锐化柔化影像显示镜像平移放大缩小局部放大动态回放等。
This method was divided into 4 steps : wiping out random noise by mean filter , reducing gaussian noise by gaussian filter , balancing brightness difference between stereo image pair through histogram equalization , and enhancing image edges and details by laplace sharpness 此方法分为4个阶段：用均值滤波去除随机噪声；用高斯滤波去除高斯噪声；用直方图均衡化法平衡立体图对间的亮度差异；用拉普拉斯锐化增强图像的边缘和细节。
Because the using method is differ to the course and essence of blurred image , the results did not satisfied . recently , the image recovery technology is developing in many areas , especially the recovery of blurred image caused by kinds of reasons has been deep researched 对于光学离焦造成的模糊图像的复原，由于使用的方法?图像的增强与锐化(进行高通)与图像模糊的过程与原理存在本质上的不同，虽可以取得一些目视效果，但总的来说效果不够理想。
Techniques gaining major research efforts include image smoothing , medium value filtering and image sharpening . besides , two kinds of image segmentation techniques are mentioned here , i . e . histogram - based segmentation and marginal extraction algorithm with bettered active - outline model 本文的主要研究工作如下:研究了三种图像预处理技术:图像平滑、中值滤波和图像锐化;以及两种图像分割技术:基于直方图分析的分割方法和改进主动轮廓模型的边缘提取算法。
The research work of the thesis include mainly : ( 1 ) observe a phenomenon which the two fracture modes are simultaneously found near crack tip of a four - point - bend specimen when the ratio of m / q is close to 3 . 0mm , criteria m / q , when the fracture mode of four - point - bend specimen transits from void - mode to shear - mode . intensely location plastic distortion is observed in the front of crack tip and the macro - fracture of the specimen with the same m / q belongs to shear - mode fracture 本文主要在以下几个方面取得了一定的进展：通过四点弯试件的断口和切片试验，观察到裂纹尖端同时存在两种断裂机制? ?在两种断裂模式相互转化的临界状态附近，裂纹前方既有钝化和延伸区中的空穴形核扩张，又有锐化角前剧烈的集中剪切变形。
Based on perspective model , it was proposed that drawing camera inner parameters with physics method ; in image processing , especially the particularity of robot object localization and tracking , it was proposed that several effective methods of image smoothing and sharpening , edge detection , boundary tracking ; at the same time , in order to complete object recognition , we introduced the methods of drawing object character parameters ; in object image matching , two kinds of effective object matching arithmetic was proposed ; based on the principle of object 3d information restoration , we proposed two kinds of arithmetic of 3d coordinate restoration of object feature points , and completed object movement parameters estimate and object tracking and prediction , and presented experimental result 以透视成像模型为基础，提出了用物理方法来提取摄像机内部参数；从图像处理角度出发，针对机器人目标定位与跟踪的特殊性，提出了几种行之有效的图像平滑、锐化、边缘提取以及边界跟踪的方法；同时，为了完成目标的识别，介绍了目标特征参数的提取方法；在目标图像匹配上，提出了两种快速有效的目标匹配算法；基于目标深度信息恢复原理，提出两种目标特征点三维坐标恢复的方法，同时完成了目标运动参数估计和目标的跟踪与预报，并最后给出了实验结果。
In the aspect of the noise handling , we give an adaptive threshold segmentation algorithm based on histogram besides threshold segmentation method and filtering arithmetic . we use mathematical morphology principle and one direction sharpening algorithm to solve the problems which occur in noise extraction . character extraction and standardization are the important part of character recognition 在文字图像的噪声处理方面,本文除了采用常规的阈值分割和滤波算法外,还给出了基于灰度直方图的自适应去噪算法,并针对去噪产生的断笔现象应用数学形态学的原理进行修复及应用基于某一方向的锐化算法进行预防。
The main works are as follows : firstly , we compare image enhancement in wavelet domain with that based on unsharp masking and indicate that there is intrinsic relation between them , namely they both enhance images by enhancing the high frequency coefficients . because after an image is decomposed in wavelet domain , every high frequency can be enhanced . however , if unshrap masking is used , only one high frequency channel is enhanced 本文主要研究了基于小波多分辨分析的图像去噪和增强，主要工作如下： 1将反锐化掩模与基于小波多分辨分析的图像增强进行了对比分析，指出它们之间存在着内在的联系，即两者都是对与图像边缘细节对应的高频实行增强，而且指出前者只不过是后者的一个特例，因为小波分解后，多级尺度多个高频通道可得到增，而反锐化掩模仅增强了一个高频通道。
The arithmetic expressed in this text solved contradiction between the watermark ' s transparence and the arithmetic ' s maleness , using the inlaid watermark of that arithmetic having goodly transparence , and the result of the experiment shows the arithmetic has goodly maleness to jpeg compress , noise , low channel filter wave , mosaic , signal tone up , secondary watermark , cut and zoom , especially to sharpen , strengthen contrast , strengthen edge , equilibrium , and so on , signal strengthen can hardly effect to get away the watermark 实验表明，本文算法较好地解决了水印透明性与算法鲁棒性之间的矛盾，使用该算法嵌入的水印具有较好的透明性，同时本文算法对jpeg压缩、噪声、低通滤波、马赛克、信号增强、二次水印、剪切和缩放等操作有较高鲁棒性，特别是锐化、对比度增强、边缘增强、直方图均衡等信号增强处理几乎不影响水印的抽取。
