The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that the amino acid sequences of duck preproghrelin and goose preproghrelin clustered together firstly . and then came thoses of emu . chicken and meleagris gallop avo preproghrelin , and then came those of rana catesbeiana , oreochromis mossambicus and oreochromis niloticus , amino acid sequences of preproghrelin of bos taurus and ovis aries came subsequently 系统进化分析表明，鸭preproghrelin氨基酸序列与鹅preproghrelin的氨基酸序列最先聚类合并，在进化上显示靠得最近，然后与鸸鹋，鸡和火鸡preproghrelin氨基酸序列聚类合并，接着与牛蛙、各种鱼类聚合，然后再与牛、羊等聚合。
Using a pair of degenerate primers based on the conservative region , hmg - box , of human sry gene , tow different fragments of sox gene , essox3 and essox22 were amplified from female and male eriocheir sinensis , the sequence results indicated that essox3 and essox22 shown high homology to human sox genes , and the identities to human sox genes in dna sequence and amino acid sequence are 84 % 、 85 % and 97 % 、 81 % , respectively . it might be concluded that sox gene was highly conservative in phylogenesis 二、研究论文1 、参照人sry基因hmg - box保守区的序列，设计一对兼并引物， pcr扩增了中华绒螯蟹的sox基因,并对扩增产物进行了克隆和测序。结果在雌雄个体中筛选出两个不同的sox基因essox3和essox22 ，其dna序列和编码的氨基酸序列与人相应sox基因的相似性分别为84 % 、 85 %和97 % 、 81 % ，显示该基因在进化上具高度的保守性。
It possess high homology with those of ck2 ( casein kinase 2 ) a subunits from various species . it is now well established that protein kinase ck2 is a pleiotropic and abiquitous serine or threonine kinase , which is highly conserved during evolution . we obtained the complete cdna sequence of ck2 a via 5 " race 酪蛋白激酶ck2是目前发现的普遍存在于真核生物中的丝氨酸苏氨酸型蛋白激酶，进化上具有高度的保守性并参与了多种生理功能的调控，因而克隆它的基因具有重要意义。
The mature region cdna of melittin of apis cerana was cloned by using puct - vector developed from pucis vector . the sequence was compared with the corresponding region of melittin of apis mellifera reported in genbank , the mutant site was found in 33rd base ( a : apis mellifera ; g : apis cerana ) , but the primary structure of the two proteins were identical , which suggested melittin , as an important defensive gene , was very conservative in evolution 测序结果显示与意蜂( apismellifera ) melittin成熟区序列相比，中蜂( apiscerana ) melittin成熟区序列在第33位存在差异(意蜂为a ，中蜂为g ) ，但两者蛋白质一级结构相同，说明melittin作为蜜蜂一种重要的防御基因在进化上保守。
