In the simulation of friction reduction on a flat plate , since the effects , including the order of magni tude of several interact ions between water and microbubbles and correlated coefficient models of interactions , on the results are unknown , which are rather important in establishing the simplified model put into the theory and engineering practice , the results about them are presented as the preparation for the further study 在平板微气泡减阻中，由于水-微气泡之间的各种相互作用力的量级，以及这些作用力的系数模型对计算结果的影响是未知的，而这一点在建立简化模型开将期应用于理论和工程实践中是相当重要的，因此本文对此进行了计算，以为深入研究作准备。
The model has taken in account the following factors : hydrodynamic forces and moments acting on the hull , propeller and rudder of the vessel , and the hydrodynamic interaction among them ; the characteristics of the maneuverability in shallow water and in low speed ; the variable forces and moments acting on the tugboat 分别考虑了船体、桨和舵上的力及力矩，以及三者相互之间的干涉；充分考虑了港内操纵浅水和低速两个特点；考虑了拖轮桨推力、受到的流体动力以及大船与拖轮之间的相互作用力三者之间的关系。
Abstract : new progress of raman technique in the research on macromolecule science recent years was summarized in this paper including the miscibility of polymer blends , the mechanism of surface plasticization , the monitoring of stress and strain relaxation process , raman imaging , the monitoring of polymerization , determination of curing process , the monitoring of crystal process in polymer and the study on the structure of water and intra - and inter molecular interactions in the solution of polymer and gelatin . a great deal of research of raman technique in this aspects were also summarized 文摘:综述了拉曼技术在高分子科学研究中近年来的最新进展，包括聚合物共混物的相容性、表面增塑机理、应力松弛和应变过程的监测以及拉曼成像、聚合反应监控、固化过程监测、聚合物结晶过程监控、聚合物水溶液和凝胶体系中水的结构及分子间、分子内相互作用力的研究。
