Chapter two is the research results and discussion , which consist of distributions of cell density , fluorescent characteristic per cell of ultraphytoplankton . synechococcus and picoeukaryotes are abundant in all stations of east china sea and yellow sea , and prochlorococcus ca n ' t be found in near - shore stations 第二章为在东、黄海所做工作的主要成果阐述，主要分析了由流式细胞计获得的超微型浮游植物细胞密度、单细胞荧光在各站位的分布特征，结果如下：聚球藻( synechococcussp
The condition of profiles in outer station did n ' t change much in spring cruise , but showed more variable in near - shore stations when observed in different time . fluorescent characteristic per cell can be obtained by flowcytometric analysis . based on fluorescence data of synechococcus of all stations , two distinctly pigment - containing cell types coexisting can be found in some stations of east china sea , which located in all depth of p3 , mixlayer of e7 , 40 - meter depth of e6 of autumn cruise and in mixlayer of p2 of spring cruise 通过对流式细胞计测量的细胞荧光结果来看，在秋季的p3 、 e7整个混合层、 e6站40米层，春季的p2站均发现有两群不同色素含量的聚球藻( high一pe和low一pe )共存现象，极有可能分别属于不同品系，春季共存站位位置比秋季时更靠外，表明在秋季p3 、 e7等站位的共存是季节性现象，可能与此季节黑潮次表层水沿陆架坡涌升入侵到中陆架有关，水团的运动及混合使从外海迁移而来的high一pe与近岸的low一pe得以共存，在春季，由于长江冲淡水的日渐强盛，在中陆架区的共存区域有所外移。
The community structure of ultraphytoplankton is very different in autumn and spring concluded by data comparison of two cruises . the cell density of synechococcus in autumn is significantly higher than that in spring . during autumn cruise a high value synechococcus density was observed by flow cytometry in upper layer of e2 and e6 , which was 25 秋季及春季航次结果表明两季节超微型浮游植物群落结构有很大不同，秋季各站位聚球藻密度明显高于春季，秋季在黄海e2站的上混合层、东海e6站表层均检测到密度高值，最高分别达25 . 73 10 ~ 4cells ml 、 15 . 92 10 ~ 4cells ml ，而在春季时聚球藻密度较大值是在东海e6 、 p2站，但在表层仅为2 . 46 10 ~ 4和2 . 01 10 ~ 4cells ml ，其余站位平均值均在1 . 00 10 ~ 4cells ml以下。
The best condition for extracting polysaccharide from porphyridium cruentum were as follow : alcohol concentration was 50 % , alcohol volume was 1 - fold time , percolation time was 0 . 5h , the volume ratio of glycoprotein solution to sevag reagent was 2 : 1 , time was 45min and sevag reagent was 4 : 1 between chloroform and butanol . the result also indicate that sodium acetate anhydrous and nh4cl were the best carbonic and nitrogen source for polysa 血色紫球藻的最优提取工艺为乙醇浓度50 % ，乙醇用量为1倍体积，醇沉时间为0 . 5小时;氯仿与正丁醇的比例4 : 1 ，样液与sevag试剂的比例2 : 1 ，作用时间为45min ;五种碳源的影响差异不显著，氮源的影响差异显著，其中添加无水乙酸钠和nh4ci的培养基多糖产率最高，分别为33 . 784mg / l和40 . 997mg / l 。
The polysaccharide production were 37 . 296mg / l and 12 . 961mg / l . the best conditions for extracting polysaccharide from porphyridium purpureum were as follow : alcohol concentration was 75 % , alcohol volume was 2 - fold time , percolation time was 1h , the volume ratio of glycoprotein solution to sevag reagent was 1 : 2 , time was 45min and sevag reagent was 3 : 1 between chloroform and butanol . the result also indicate that nahco3 and nh4cl were the best carbonic and nitrogen sources for polysaccharide respectively 淡色紫球藻的最优提取工艺为乙醇浓度75 ，乙醇用量为2倍体积，醇沉时间为1小时；氯仿与正丁醇的比例3 ： 1 ，样液与sevag试剂的比例1 ： 2 ，作用时间为45min ：由方差分析可得五种碳源和五种氮源对胞外多糖的影响不显著，添加碳酸氢钠和摘要nhoci的多糖产率最高，分别为41
Deproteinized from crude polysaccharide by adopting sevag method . through orthogonal test , we found that the best constitution for extracting polysaccharide from porphyridium aerugineum 755 were as follow : alcohol concentration was 50 % , alcohol volume was 3 - fold time , percolation time was 1 . 5h , the volume ratio of glycoprotein solution to sevag reagent was 1 : 2 , time was 15min and sevag reagent was 4 : 1 between chloroform and butanol . the result also indicate that lactose and ( nh4 ) 2so4 were the best carbonic and nitrogen sources for polysaccharide respectively 研究结果表明，三种紫球藻的最佳提取工艺各不相同，铜绿紫球藻的最优提取工艺为乙醇浓度50 ，乙醇用量为3倍体积，醇沉时间为1 . 5小时；氯仿与正丁醇的比例4 ： 1 ，样液与sevag试剂的比例1 ： 2 ，作用时间为15min ；由方差分析可得五种碳源和五种氮源对胞外多糖的影响不显著，其中添加乳糖和( nh _ 4 ) _ 2so _ 4的培养基多糖产率最高，分别为37 . 296mg l和12 . 961mg l 。
In the first step , quantitative and qualitative characteristic of soils influenced by soil microalgal were studied in this step . in this study , four different algal ( chroococcus , chlorococcum , navicula and chalmydomonas ) and one algal mixture , which were formed by the above four algal species , were cultivated in two different mediums ( soil and double distilled water ) , under regular illumination or dark condition respectively . we estimated the environmental ph , the microorganism biomass ( not including algal ) , and the organic matter content very 20 culture days and estimated the available phosphorus after 60 culture days . we got the results by making graphs and extreme - difference analysis after 0 , 20 实验以土壤(经过高温烧制除去微生物和土壤有机质的影响)和水(重蒸水)为两种不同的基质，在基质中接种五种相同重量的土壤微藻藻液(立方色球藻、土生绿球藻、舟形藻、沙角衣藻以及由四种藻种形成的混合藻液) ，分别进行见光和和黑暗培养，在0天、 20天、 40天和60天时，测定环境ph值、微生物量(不包括藻类) 、有机质含量，进行极差分析和图形比较。
Carotenoids can make chla return from excited state to ground state by direct or un - direct quenching , in order to prevent algae from photooxidation . on the other hand , it was indicated that polysaccharides have functions in resisting uv . spirulina plalensis can accumulate both cellular and extracellular polysaccharides during uv treatment , it showed highest uv resistant ability ; nanochloropsis sp also can accumulate cellular polysaccharides , while extracellular polysaccharides reduced ; the cellular polysaccharides content of phaeocystis globosa scherffel decreased and extracellular polysaccharides content did not increased markedly , showing lowest uv resistant ability 钝顶螺旋藻和微绿球藻中在较低的uv辐射强度下类胡萝卜素含量升高，而叶绿素a保持相对稳定，说明类胡萝卜素可能对藻类起到一定保护作用，可能通过直接的或间接的方式猝灭激发态的叶绿素，来保障光合作用的进行；本实验发现多糖的累积和分泌与藻体的抗uv能力有相关，钝顶螺旋藻的细胞内和细胞外多糖分泌旺盛，其抗uv能力最强；微绿球藻体内能积累多糖，而胞外多糖分泌减少；球形棕囊藻的胞内多糖含量减少，胞外多糖含量增加也不明显，其抗uv能力最弱。
Field investigation over many years has found 35 species ( including varieties ) and 17 genera of cyanophyta in the salt lake region of yuncheng county , shanxi province , and the species and genera consist of 19 species and 9 genera of chroococcaceae , 1 genus and 1 species of rivulariaceae , 12 species and 4 genera of oscillatoriaceae , and three species and three genera of nostocaceae 摘要通过多年野外考查，在山西运城盐池湖区采集到蓝藻共17属35种（含变种） ，其中色球藻科9属19种，胶须藻科1属1种，颤藻科4属12种，念珠藻科3属3种。
The expolysaccharids ( eps ) was high - molecular weight polymers with complex chemical structure , which used commercial application in a variety of fields including the paper and textile , food , cosmetics , and chemical and pharmaceutical industries . but the most impressive was its antiviral activity against many virus 紫球藻多糖是一种高分子聚合物，具有多种生物活性可广泛应用于食品、化妆及医药等行业，此外，还具有抵抗多种病毒的作用，已成为近年来研究热点。
