The experimental method of the model test with 1 : 6 scale based on the work mechanism of bearing of steel y - pipe strengthened inside with crescent rib in combination with surrounding rock mass simulated by composite materials is adopted and the regularity of their participant capacity to bear inner water pressure is analyzed in this paper 摘要本文结合实际工程采用几何比尺为1 : 6的物理模型试验方法，用不同材料分层组合模拟围岩，对水电站内加强月牙肋钢岔管与围岩联合承载的工作机理、围岩分担内水压力的规律进行分析。
Based on the researches at home and abroad , aiming at the application of dynamic consolidation in compacting loess embankment , this paper makes assessments and analyses of the concerned factors and provides the laws of dynamic consolidation dealing with loess embankment according to the large - scale model test indoor ; combined with tonghuang highway construction , field tests of dynamic consolidation dealing with loess embankment is carried out in the representative loess - embankment experimental sites and some regularities of loess before and after handled by dynamic consolidation is put forward by physico - dynamic property experiments and electron - analysis ; at last , the author makes a systematic analysis of information related and presents the applicable condition , compacting technique and checking method which applies to dynamic consolidation dealing with loess embankment on the basis of field tests and model experiments indoor 本文在国内外资料调研基础上，针对强夯法在黄土路堤压实施工中的应用，对强夯处理黄土路堤的有关因素进行了评价分析，并通过室内大比尺模型试验得出强夯压实黄土路堤的规律；结合铜黄公路建设，选择典型黄土路堤试验段，进行了强夯压实黄土路堤的各项现场试验，通过物理力学性质试验和电镜分析得出强夯前后黄土料压实体的有关规律；最后，在室内外各项试验基础上，对有关资料进行了汇总分析评价，提出了强夯处理黄土路堤的适用条件、施工工艺及检测方法。
The thesis is the initial research content of the project " bucket foundation and unstability mechanism research influenced by bucket foundation on silty . sand seabed " , which is supported by the national natural science fund . it mainly carry about the research of seepage gradient in the process of suction penetration and unstability mechanism of silty sand in the bucket foundation , and it also discuss and analyze the penetration effect of bucket foundation of the different ratio size 本文是国家自然科学基金项目“海上平台桶形基础及其作用下的粉质土海床失稳机制的研究”的前期研究内容，主要通过模型试验对负压沉贯过程的渗流梯度及其桶内粉质土的失稳机制进行研究，并探讨和分析了不同比尺的桶基的沉贯效应。
Now tidal bore is one of hotspots and difficulty in scientific research . with advanced tide - controlling technology and high accurate equipment , this paper does the research successfully on the formation and changes of tidal bore under natural condition and after the bridge being built . and those processes are observed effectively 涌潮的研究是当前的热点与难点之一，本项研究采用先进的潮汐控制技术与高精度的测试仪器，在比尺模型中成功地模拟出自然和建桥条件下涌潮的形成、变化过程，并有效地加以观测。
According to the selected project , a stability test with scale of 1 : 35 of cushion bottom had been done . with the research results of the experiments and the flow shape of xiao wan hydraulic power station were thought about , on the other hand , the ternary complex jet shape of baishan water cushion was analyzed , all this gave a base for the analysis of the force of the cushion bottom . through observation , the dynamic water pressure , the fluctuation pressure , the time - homogeneous pressure on the surface of the bottom and the characteristics of the fluctuation pressure could be got , also the calculation method and the test results were compared to get the argument 针对选定的方案，进一步做了1 ： 35比尺的水垫塘底板稳定性试验；通过试验及借鉴小湾水垫塘内水流流态的研究成果，分析白山水垫塘内三元复杂淹没射流流态，为水垫塘内底板受力分析打下基础；通过观测得到水垫塘底板动水冲击压力、脉动压力、底板上下表面的时均压力及脉动压力特性，并通过计算方法与试验成果进行相互比较论证。
Abstract : in light of thicker grain and smaller viscosity of debris flow , a segmented simulation of the debris flow with flume is presented . for the first time . more difficult resistance similarity is brought about by geometric rate without excessive coarsing and discontinuous similarity of sand grain composition in model is eliminated with different grain scale . on this basis the density similarity and sand conveying similarity are achived . the method presented is verified through a model test case 文摘:针对水石流颗粒粗,粘性小的特点,提出了利用水槽进行分段模拟水石流的设想,首次通过几何变率解决难度较大的阻力相似问题,改变了以往过度加糙的方式;通过变粒径比尺的方法消除了模型沙级配不连续相似的问题,较好地实现了固体物质级配相似,达到了泥石流的密度相似和输沙相似.通过水槽概化模型试验实例,对本方法进行了验证
Beginning with the cause of tidal bore , then making use of measure data and combining with scale physical modeling , this paper does the research about the impact that bridge engineering has on the qiantang bore , such as hangzhou bay bridge , guzhu bridge , xiaoshan bridge etc . it provides the scientific evidence for approving those engineering above 本文从涌潮的成因入手，利用实测资料分析与比尺模型试验的研究方法，全面地研究了杭州湾大桥、沽渚大桥、萧山通道等桥梁工程对钱塘江涌潮的影响程度，从而为工程建设提供科学的依据。
In this paper , taking the loess plateau of china as a sample region , all the factors which are related to the soil and water loss are analyzed ; the assessment indices ( model parameters ) are defined ; and the data with different origins are integrated using gis ; finally , the soil loss model for this region is set up 本文以黄土高原地区为例，结合影响水土流失的各个因子，分析了该区的自然特徵，确定了进行区域水土流失评价的各项指标（模型参数） ，并运用gis ，集成了多种来源、多种比尺和多种类型的数据，建立了该区的水土流失宏观定量评价模型。
According to the gravity - elasticity similar law the model scale of bai shan pumped - storage hydroelectric plants is taken as the trashrack bar is made of zinc , the relative errors between its practical density and elastic modulus and its proper values are - 7 . 82 % and + 1 . 43 % , respectively . by lvs measuring the velocity distribution ahead the trashrack bar and on the basis of the velocity distribution the working conditions of the pumped - stroage hydroelectric plant are controled . the dynamic strain of the trashrack bar induced by flow are measured using strain slips 选择白山抽水蓄能泵站拦污栅水弹性模型的主要比尺为_ l = 3 、 _ e = 3 、 _ p = 1 ，栅条用锌板加工而成，模型材料的实际密度和应有密度的相对差为- 7 . 82 ，模型材料的实际弹模和应有弹模的相对差为+ 1 . 43 ，用激光流速仪量测栅前流速分布，并用流速分布作为控制工况的依据，用应变仪量测栅条应变。
