Firstly , the paper introduces briefly the detecting principle of microwave radiometer and the scheme of lunar microwave radiometer . based on propagation matrix , an algorithm to get reflectivity of layered medium is brought in . by means of the method , the reflectivity expression of two - layer medium is obtained 本文首先简要介绍了微波辐射计的探测原理及月球探测卫星微波辐射计的设计方案，还介绍了利用传播矩阵计算分层媒质的反射率的方法，并给出双层媒质的反射率表达式，分析了双层媒质的反射率随观测角、频率和第一层厚度的变化关系。
Based on historic radiosonde data of changchun city , jilin province and xian city . shanxi province and on the typical model of profiles of cloud liquid water content for stratiformis , the coefficients of retrieval equation are obtained as the functions of height for each month from april to july in the two cities . furthermore , we explore the internal physics signification of retrieval coefficients ' distributing according to every month and have comparisons between the two cities . then the numerical simulation tests of the accuracy of retrieval results are given : the statistical relative deviation of retrieved values of l to the simulated " trues " on the ground is 15 - 25 % and that at altitude of 6km is 5 - 10 % , that means the retrieval method and implementation of the method are applicable to processing measurements of an airborne radiometer made in china recently 本文介绍机载对空微波辐射计探测云中路径积分液态水含量( l )的辐射传输原理和反演方法；根据吉林省长春市和陕西省西安市的历史探空资料和典型的层状云液水垂直分布模式，得到这两个地区4 - 7月各月的随高度而变的反演公式及其系数的表达式；探索了和反演系数有关系的大气的影响，并在各个月份之间进行了比较分析；给出了反演误差的数值模拟检验结果：在地面反演值对‘真值’的统计相对偏差是15 - 25 ，在6公里高度处为5 - 10 ，表明该方法已具有实用可接受的精度。
At present , the measuring methods are not enough and these known methods are in all kinds of shortages . so the institude of atmospheric physics , chinese academy of sciences cooperate with jilin weather modification office , changchun consigning the institude of geograpy , changchun to develop the airborne up - looking microwave radiometer for the first time in china 然而目前测量的手段并不多，且已有的手段中又各有其局限，鉴于这种情况，中国科学院大气物理研究所与吉林省人工影响天气办公室合作，委托中国科学院长春分院地理所在我国首次研制了对空机载微波辐射计。
The macro characteristics of status cloud systems have been studied by using every 3 - hour sounding data , satellite cloud pictures , radar echoes , synoptic charts , surface rainfall , raindrop size distribution and microwave radiometer . the spatial distribution of precipitation particles and the mechanisms of their formation were studied by one - dimension stratus model . thus , spring stratus precipitation conceptual model was primarily established in henan province 利用3小时一次的加密探空资料、卫星云图、雷达回波图、天气图、地面雨量、雨滴谱、微波辐射计等资料，分析了降水云系的宏观特征，并利用一维层状云模式研究了降水粒子的时空分布和水质粒形成的微物理特征，由此初步建立了河南省春季层状云降水的概念模型。
