Due to the historic influence of planned economic system and unclear proprietary rights , the four banks have not built up a profit - aimed operation system , and pay insufficient attention to banks " earning power , though they have aimed at becoming " true " commercial banks 由于计划经济体制的历史影响和产权制度不清晰等原因，四大银行虽然已向商业银行转变，却并未形成以盈利为目标的经营机制，其盈利能力一直未受到足够的重视。
History and reality proved that establish an international commercial banking system and a good structure of corporate governance is the right way to partially solve the problems of our state - owned commercial banks , and also the choice to deal with foreign banks 伴随着我国金融市场化改革的推进及加入wto后金融市场对外开放步伐的加快,建立现代企业制度,完善商业银行公司治理结构,促进我国国有四大银行稳健经营和发展,显得尤为重要。
On the other hand the opening of four great banks will turn the brittleness of the bank worse , causing the payment crisis of four great bank , threatening financial safety . the littleness of four great banks lies in such three aspects as high ratio of bad asset , low amplitude of funds and low profit 目前四大银行的系统性风险突出表现为不良资产比率高、资本充足率低和利润率低这三个问题，外资银行竞争的加剧使这些问题的解决显得更加紧迫和困难。
Part four is the main body of this thesis , mainly discussing which kind of assets is feasible for asset securitization in china : real estate mortgage loan , fundamental construction credit and part of bad assets at the four state - owned bank 第四部分是论文的主体部分，主要研究关于我国资产证券化的切入点问题，即以何种资产作为证券化的启动资产。介绍了三种在我国目前较具可行性的资产：房地产抵押贷款、基础设施项目贷款以及一部分国有四大银行的不良资产。
From table 1 shows that the assets of state - owned banks profitability less than one third of the joint - stock banks , joint - stock banks capital profitability less than a quarter of that number four bank assets and capital although large , but less than quality , efficient utilization of assets , profits inadequate 从表1来看,国有银行的资产利润率不到股份制银行的三分之一,资本利润率还不到股份制银行的四分之一,说明四大银行的资产和资本数量虽然大,但是质量却比较差,资产利用效率过低,盈利水平不足。
What ' s more , those cited data were too old to reflect the current situation of state banks " earning power , in my thesis , i did my best to achieve analysis conclusions based on up - to - data data . but latest data is not the only innovative element in the research . considering the common and different characters of four banks , i made thorough analysis on the earning power of each state bank respectively , discussing both different and common factors influencing each bank in detail , which was rare in previous researches 鉴于以往对于国有商业银行盈利能力的研究大多简单地将国有商业银行视为一个整体，忽略了四大银行之间的差异性，而且引用的数据比较陈旧，不能真实反映目前国有商业银行盈利能力的现状，本文的创新之处除了采用了较新的数据资料? ，使研究的结果更为接近现实的情况之外，还考虑到四大国有银行之间的共性和差异性，既对四大国有银行的盈利能力分别进行了深入、详细的分析，了解影响各个银行盈利能力的主要原因，也分析了对四大银行盈利能力产生共同影响的环境因素。
Thereupon to maintain chinese financial safety must keep away from and dissolve the financial risk of four great banks . so it is necessary to push the system reform of four greatest banks as soon as possible , to enhance the bank ' s self - discipline and the market ' s competition , to consolidate the exterior supervision and develop international financial cooperation 本文用归纳的方法对四大银行开放面临的金融风险进行全面的研究后认为，要维护中国的金融安全就必须从制度上防范和化解四大银行的金融风险，提高银行素质、加强市场竞争、强化外部监管并积极开展国际间的金融合作。
The arrangement of the state - owned share in the banks after they coming into the market has a close relationship to the effect of the reform , so a rational share arrangement w ill be the focus problem of the reform design , the paper will give the analysis withal it 考虑到各大银行的具体情况不同，因而本文在四大银行上市的方法选择上也有所区别。国有银行上市后国有股权的安排将关系到上市改革的效果，因而合理的股权安排将是上市设计中的焦点问题，对此本文将做出分析。
Part three analyses the existing problems in the course of marketing management implementation , based on which several countermeasures are proposed , such as building corporate culture , speeding up financial innovation , business internalization , expediting electronics building and talents training 第三部分，首先分析了商业银行开展市场营销中存在的问题，然后从塑造企业文化、加快金融创新、开展国际化经营、加快电子化建设、重视人才的培养等方面重点讨论了四大银行的应对策略。
The writer mainly uses the financial ratio analytical method and the most popular approaches in determining the international banking efficiency ? the efficient frontier approaches , in which this paper choose one of the non - parameter approaches , data envelopment analysis ( dea ) , to evaluate and analyze the above four banks ’ changes in efficiency before and after mergers during 1999 - 2004 , and it also makes an omni - directional comparison from many angles , with quantitative and qualitative analysis 通过综合运用财务比率分析方法和国际银行业效率分析中比较流行的前沿分析方法中的非参数分析方法? ?数据包络分析法( dea )对上述四大银行在1999 - 2004年间银行并购效率的变化情况进行了全方位、多角度、动静态相结合的定量和定性比较分析。
