Considering the precision and cost of sea - route in our country , gps oem board was selected positioning for system in stand - alone model ( not dgps ) . there is abundant time to processing and optimizing data for gps receiver because the reactive speed of pharos is on hour level contrast to strict real time 根据航道定位精度要求与成本承受能力，系统选取低成本的gpsoem板接收机进行单机定位，由于航标灯监控有一定实时性但又非严格意义上的实时性，其反应速度可到小时级，这为gps接收机定位提供了宽裕的时间作为数据处理与优化。
The approaches of linearity error and roundness error evaluating are presented , among which the least square method is emphasized . the conclusion that only when the little error assumption or little departure assumption are fulfilled the general least square algorithms are the suitable least square solution is provided 重点研究了圆度误差评定的最小二乘方法，指出只有满足“小误差假设”和“小偏差假设” ，最小二乘通用算法的评定结果才是严格意义上的最小二乘解。
As to the experienced research , this thesis regards the public companies in shanghai security exchange as objects to study the current state of business combination accounting in our country . through deeply analyzing on typical cases and related regulations , we conclude that : the current regulations of business combination accounting do not touch on pooling of interest ; the regulations for mergers is purchase method , for acquisitions is not genuine purchase method ; purchase and pooling of interest coexists in the practice of business combination in our country now ; sec and finance of our country tacitly approve pooling of interest 实证研究部分，本文以上海证券交易所的上市公司为研究对象，研究发现：我国目前的合并会计相关规定中没有提及联营法；相关规定中对吸收合并的会计处理体现的是购买法的思想；对控股合并的会计处理不是严格意义上的购买法；而我国合并会计实务处理中购买法和联营法并存；财政部和证监会默许联营法的使用。
But due to such narrow - minded views as regarding natural reserves as common tourist attractions and exploitation of natural reserves as construction of tourist areas , the links among tourism planning , construction and management are disjointed in the course of exploitation . this renders the needed protection work in the plan unable to be put into practice in full - scale exploitation and management , thus causing a series of bad results . so it is urgent to resolve the existing problems in exploiting natural reserves by means of protective exploitation of eco - tourism 但由于存在着自然保护区视同一般旅游地，对自然保护区旅游开发的认识仅限于狭义的旅游区的建设等问题，在开发过程中的旅游规划、建设及经营管理有所脱节，致使在计划中应有的保护工作难以在全面开发和经营管理中落实，造成一系列与建立自然保护区的初衷背道而驰的不良后果，因此，急需用严格意义上的生态旅游保护性开发模式来解决自然保护区旅游开发中存在的问题。
The dissertation mostly discuss that the appearance of the derivative financial instruments brings the traditional acounting theory about a tremendous influence , behaving as followed ( l ) as unexecutive bargains , the derivative financial instruments do n ' t accord with the past occurrence rule which the financial reports emphasize , so they are not the proper asset or debt , and ca n ' t be reflected in the financial reports 第二章，主要讨论衍生金融工具的出现对传统会计理论产生了巨大的影响，具体表现在： ( 1 )衍生金融工具作为一种未执行的合同交易，由于不符合财务报表要素所强调的过去发生原则，因而不是严格意义上的资产或负债，无法在财务报表中予以反映。
In order to reduce the influence of parameter uncertainty on the hub and spoke airline network design , this paper firstly constructs a robust optimization model for the nonstrict uncapacitated hub and spoke airline network under the uncertain demand and cost , and uses a robust optimization method to design the airline network 摘要为解决中枢辐射航线网络设计结果易受参数不确定性影响的问题，首先在需求和成本具有不确定性的条件下，建立了非严格意义上的无容量限制的中枢辐射航线网络鲁棒优化模型，并采用鲁棒优化方法对航线网络进行优化设计。
As a result of implementation of policies of opening up to the outside world and economic reform , china entered into wto in november 2001 . with foreign telecommunications businesses gradually penetrate in china , the competition in china ' s telecommunications market becomes more and more intensified 在国家改革开放的大环境下，中国已在2001年11月加入了wto ，国际电信运营商的即将进入，中国电信市场的竞争硝烟将愈来愈浓，中国电信市场也将步入真正严格意义上的竞争时代。
