Risk management of commercial bank is to defend , shun , scatter or transfer the risk in the business process through such behaviors like risk recognizing , risk evaluation , risk dealt etc . in which way to reduce or shun the economic loss and protect the security of the business capital 商业银行风险管理是商业银行通过风险识别、风险估计、风险处理等方法，预防、回避、分散或转移经营中的风险，从而减少或避免经济损失，保证经营资金安全的行为。
Flood risk management is a continuous , circular and dynamic process . it is consist of building target , identifying flood , estimating flood losses , evaluating the risk of flood losses , selecting scenarios to reduce flood risk , making decision to flood risk management , writing plans for flood risk management and evaluating the effect of the decision 洪水灾害风险管理是一个连续的、循环的、动态的过程，主要包括建立风险管理目标、洪水灾害风险识别、洪水灾害风险估计、洪水灾害风险评价、选择洪水灾害风险管理方案、进行洪水灾害风险管理决策、编写洪水灾害风险管理计划、进行洪水灾害风险管理效果评价等几个基本步骤。
It analyses the existing problems in emphases basis , financial indexes choosing , gage restriction and risks evaluation in the procedure of present project risk making - policy of commercial banks , and establish loan project risk policy making mechanism based on monte karlo model , to make policy through calculation 分析了我国商业银行目前项目风险决策在决策依据重点、财务指标选择、担保品约束和风险估计各方面存在的问题，建立了以蒙特卡罗模拟为基础的贷款项目风险决策，通过计算得出贷款预期损失率进行决策。
After introducing several common risk evaluation method , this paper emphasise to illustrate the formulation of risk investigation table , the process of investigation and static and analysis of data by introducing the example of expert investigation method applied in construction engineering in zhengzhou ; meanwhile , it applies the combination of analytic hierarchy process and vague assessment method into the risk estimation and evaluation 4 介绍了几种常用的风险估计评价方法后，通过对郑州地区在建工程运用专家调查法的实例，重点阐述了在施工阶段调查表的制定和调查程序、数据的统计与分析；又鉴于施工过程中风险层次性和模糊性的特点，采用将层次分析法与模糊综合评价相结合的方法? ?多层次模糊综合评价用于风险估计与评价。
Whereafter , based on the analysis on the flood influence for traffic lines , the research is centered on the following parts : firstly , the destroying modes , reasons and mechanism of flooded lines are discussed , and the frameworks and countermeasures of preventing and controlling hazards system are put forward ; secondly , the ways of region forecasting for the landslide are analyzed and the automation of landslide forecast for certain site through visual programming is realized . furthermore , the function of dynamic segmentation in arc view is made use of to realize the forecast result ' s visualization ; thirdly , the reasons and patterns of roadbed subsidence are discussed and the methods of forecasting subsidence based on the gm ( 1 , 1 ) model are put forward . then the applications of the arcview software and its extended module on the study of roadbed subsidence are debates upon ; fourthly , an analysis on the sources of flood for traffic lines , which situate in the reservoir coverage area , is given 接着，论文探讨了山区交通线路灾害的特点、分类、时间和空间分布规律以及灾害的防治原则和对策等；然后，以洪水灾害对交通线路的毁坏为主线，重点研究和分析了以下几个问题：第一，探讨了洪水对交通线路的破坏方式，水毁原因以及水毁机理，并提出了交通线路水毁防御系统框架和对策；第二，分析了雨季边坡塌方灾害的区段预测方法；通过可视化编程，编制了雨季边坡塌方灾害的工点预报程序，并结合arcview实现了预测结果的可视化；第三，对路基沉陷原因和模式进行了分析，并提出利用gm ( 1 ， 1 )模型对路基沉陷区进行分析和预测，最后论述了arcview软件及其扩展模块在沉陷区研究分析中的应用；第四，对汛期库区线路灾害的原因进行了分析，并探讨了利用数量化理论对路基防护工程抗洪能力进行预测的意义；第五，提出从风险的角度对交通线路的防灾减灾进行管理，对风险估计的相关问题进行了论述，并探讨了交通线路水害危险区段的划分问题。
This is the main point of the paper . it is a complex work to control the increment of the npl and inside which the risk management in banks is very important . the paper brings forward some contents about credit risks management of bank , including risk recognition and risk estimation 文章针对银行的风险管理，介绍了关于银行信贷风险管理方面的内容，包括有风险识别和风险估计方法，文章试图论证通过加强银行的风险管理，可以有效的帮助银行从内部防止不良资产增量的产生。
The main clue of this paper is procedure of risk management . according to the features about risk evaluation process , common and practical methods and tools for risk identification , measurement , assessment and techniques are introduced ; with reference to relative knowledge , some new models and new methods within each step of risk evaluation process are raised ; these methods and models are illustrated with real project cases 论文以项目风险管理的工作程序为阐述的主线索，主要针对项目风险评估的过程，介绍了风险识别、风险估计、风险评价、风险管理技术的概念和常用方法与工具；综合了相关学科的知识，在风险评估过程的各个步骤中提出了新模型和新方法；结合具体案例介绍了风险评估方法的使用，并给出了风险评估方法在实际使用中的几种模式。
