In summarizes the predecessor to the segmental arch surface and outside in flexure critical load computational method foundation , with the principle of the minimum potential energy , an analytical solution for the lateral critical bucking load of cable stayed arch bridge is studied 在总结前人对圆弧拱的面内,面外屈曲临界荷载计算方法的基础上,利用能量法,推导了斜拉拱桥的侧倾临界荷载计算公式。
However , for the long - span bridge , including the long - span cable - stayed arch bridge , the stability problem is always ineluctable , especially , the out - of - plane stiffness of the arch rib is far smaller than the in - plane stiffness of the arch rib , so , the out - of - plane stable problem is the problem that have to be considered 然而,对于大跨度桥梁而言,包括大跨度斜拉拱桥,稳定性问题始终是不可避免的,尤其是拱肋的面外刚度要远小于面内的刚度,所以,面外的稳定问题是必须考虑的问题。
A new waveguide made of changing a wide wall of a rectangular waveguide to a uniform curved wall is called conformal waveguide . a kind of expression of approximate solution for domain mode of the new waveguide , including symmetric , unsymmetric arc , parabolic arch , hyperbolic arch , elliptic arch , etc . , is constructed by using boundary condition of mental waveguide , variational method and boundary element method . by using the equivalence principle , an approximate calculating formula for equivalent resonant conductance of a narrow longitudinal halfwavelength slot cut in the curved wall of the unsymmetric arcrectangular waveguide is derived , and the result is shown . although this solution is approximate , it can solve the problem in designing the slotted antenna of such conformal waveguide 把矩形波导一个宽面外突成均匀曲面构成的新波导统称为共形波导.利用金属波导边界条件、变分法、边界元素法构造这种新波导中主模场的一种近似解表达式，包括曲面横截线为对称、非对称圆弧，抛物线弧，双曲线弧，椭圆弧等.然后根据等效原理，推导非对称圆弧矩形波导曲面上窄的纵向半波长缝隙的等效谐振电导的近似计算公式，给出计算曲线.这种解虽然是近似的，但却能解决这类共形波导缝隙天线的工程设计
A beam or a column often supports other members which participate in the buckling action , and significantly influence its in - plane stability and out - of - plane stability . if these elastic restraints action of buckling resistance is taken into account the critical loads of steel members may apparentely been increased and plenty of steel material is saved 梁或柱为其连接的其他构件提供支撑，同时，与梁或柱相连接的构件也为梁或柱提供约束作用。这些约束作用极大地影响着梁或柱的平面内稳定和平面外稳定。利用连接构件之间约束作用，钢构件的稳定临界荷载可以得到显著的提高，节约大量的钢材。
The coupling nonlinear vibration equations involving both the first in - plane and the first out - of - plane modes is generated by using the galerkin method . according to the derived equations , the internal resonance subjected to the in - plane excitation is analyzed by the multiple scale method . the results reveal that the internal resonance of the stay cables posses the characteristics of multiple values and divergence 通过galerkin方法，得到了一个反映面内一阶及面外一阶模态的耦合非线性动力系统，用多尺度法对面内激励下的内共振进行了分析，以实际桥梁拉索为例，得出了拉索模态耦合非线性振动具有多值、分叉等特点，并分析了拉索阻尼对模态耦合内共振的影响。
Firstly , a set of formula is developed for uniplanar x - and multiplanar xx - joints loaded with axial forces , in - plane bending moments and out - of - plane bending moments respectively . in china , it is the first time to develope a set of formula for full - width joints considering the membrane effect 在总结国内外研究成果的基础上，本文对方管平面x型和空间xx型相贯节点在轴力、平面内弯矩和平面外弯矩等荷载工况作用下的静力工作性能建立了一种更合理的理论简化模型研究方法。
( 2 ) according to the forming model of the deep pull cracks , they can be divided into three classes pulled cracks - , pressed cracks and sheared cracks . ( 3 ) based on the two - dimensional and three - dimensional finite element methods . the following results can be affirmed : in the slope excavating process , the base surface will rebound in the direction of the excavating surface ' s excerior normal . the maximal displacements of the left and right bank are + 3 . 6cm and + 2 . 4cm ; the arch abutment will rebound in the direction of the river valley , the maximal displacements of the two bank are + 3 . 5cm and + 2 . 2cm ; the upstream and downstream surface will rebound in the direction of the normal direction . the maximal displacements are + 2 . 1cm and + 1 . 7cm . ( 4 ) the natural slope is stable ( 3 )通过二维及三维有限元分析得知，左右岸拱肩槽边坡在开挖过程中，开挖底面主要表现为朝开挖面外法线方向发生回弹，左右岸最大位移量分别为+ 3 . 6cm 、 + 2 . 4cm ；拱端面主要表现为向河谷方向发生侧向回弹，左右岸最大位移量分别为+ 3 . 5cm 、 + 2 . 2cm ；上下游坡面主要表现为向临空方向的回弹，左右岸最大位移量分别为+ 2 . 1cm 、 + 1 . 7cm ；开挖使岩体产生由卸荷回弹导致的倾倒拉裂现象。
In the actual ( ( code for steel structure design } ) ( gbj 17 - 88 ) and for the ( ( technical specification for steel structure of light - weight buildings with gabled frames ) ) ( cecs 102 : 98 ) , the calculation method for the stability of the members is : obtaining the axial force through the analysis of the linear - elastic inner force of the whole structrue , then checking the stability inside and outside the plane respectively on the foundation of the yielding rule of the edge 我国现行《钢结构设计规范》 ( gbj17 - 88 )和《门式刚架轻型房屋钢结构技术规程》 ( cecs102 : 98 )对构件的稳定计算方法是：先对构件进行整体线弹性内力分析，得到构件的轴力和弯矩；再根据边缘屈服准则对构件分别进行平面内和平面外稳定验算。
The compress tests on multiaxial multi - layer warp knit glass - fiber composite ( mmwk ) have also been carried out at high strain rates . the out - of - plane compressive property of multiaxial multi - layer warp knit glass - fiber composite are also rate sensitive . the maximum stress strain and elastic modulus of mmwk composite increase with the rising of strain rate 首次对多轴向经编玻璃纤维复合材料进行了高应变率下的面外压缩试验，实验结果表明，多轴向经编结构玻璃纤维复合材料在面外力学性能上是应变率相关的，随着应变率的增加，冲击压缩瞬时应力增加，最大应力和最大应变增加，同时初始模量也有增大的趋势。
