Airway remodelling refers to changes in the airway structure and includes subepithelial fibrosis , increased smooth muscle mass , submucosal gland enlargement , neovascularisation and epithelial alterations 气道重构指气道结构的改变，包括：上皮下纤维化，平滑肌增厚，粘膜下腺体肥大，新生血管形成和上皮的变化。
Although of great interest , the exact significance of airway remodelling measurements gained through such indirect techniques is uncertain and further research is needed 上述对于气道重构的间接检测技术虽然引起了研究者广泛的兴趣，但由这些技术测定出的气道重构对临床的确切意义还没有确定，这还需要进一步的研究。
To avoid invasive techniques , other tools have been developed to indirectly measure remodelling , including induced sputum , bronchoalveolar lavage fluid , blood and urine analyses , physiological and radiological assessments , as well as in vitro techniques 为了避免上述的有创检查，目前已发展了其它的检测方法来间接的评估气道重构，包括对患者诱导痰的检测、支气管肺泡灌洗液检查，血液和尿液化验、生理学和放射学方面的检查以及一些离体的检查技术。
Increased airway inflammation and remodeling are key processes of persistent asthma , the alveolar macrophage ( am ) and am - derived cytokines drift into these processes . in recent years , traditional theories are challenged by new researches in these fields . this review will include the new researches about asthma in these fields 支气管哮喘发病的中心环节是慢性气道炎症和气道重构,肺泡巨噬细胞及其分泌的细胞因子参与了哮喘的调控,近年来这些调控的研究进展使某些传统的观点受到挑战,现将这些进展综述如下。
