The characteristics of each rainbow for an inhomogeneous particle are studied here using lorenz - mie theory . the relation of the positions of airy peaks to each order rainbow with the profile of refractive index is simulated and discussed , which is compared with the results simulated by ray tracing theory 本文还利用lorenz mie理论分析了非均匀球粒子各阶彩虹的强度和频谱分布特点，利用ifft方法重建了各阶彩虹的强度分布；分析研究了各阶彩虹的airy峰角位置与折射率分布的关系，并与非均匀粒子射线追迹理论的模拟结果进行比较。
The crossing czerny - tumer structure used by the optical system is analyzed . the ray tracing and aberration analysis of the spectrometer is realized with autocad and oslo . the quality of spectral images is also evaluated by oslo to get the optical configuration within aberration limits 对光学系统所采用的交叉光路czerny - turner结构进行了分析，使用autocad和oslo软件对光学系统进行了追迹和像差分析，并利用软件对光谱成像质量进行了评价，得到满足几何像差容限要求的光学结构。
For example , the geometric effect and vignetting are simulated with the synthetic method in which they are modeled with ray tracing and then simulated with pixel - based processing . the effects of detector noise on imaging are simulated with the three - dimension model . the theory of pixel transfer function is extended and developed , and microscanned images of four patterns are simulated with good results 本文具有如下几个突出特点：用光线追迹法分析建模，而用基于象素处理的综合方法，模拟了光学系统中的几何效应和渐晕现象；利用三维噪声模型，模拟了探测器噪声对图像质量的影响；对象素传递函数理论进行了扩展和延伸，给出四种工作模式的微扫描成像系统的象素传递函数的具体数学表达式，并利用这些表达式模拟了探测器的空间效应和微扫描成像的图像效果。
In chapter 5 , based on the measured refractive index distribution curve , according as the theoretical model of light transmission in the grin medium , using quadrivalent runger - kutta method to carry out the light tracking , we studied retro - reflection of grin polymer micro - sphere and its application and concluded the best conditions to get good results . in chapter 6 we analyzed the two ways to improve the retro - reflection effect of grin polymer micro - sphere using the light tracking and discuss the pleasant results we got 第五章从上一章测量所得折射率分布曲线出发，根据梯度介质球内光线传输的理论模型，用光线追迹的方法分析了327 #微球透镜的反光性能，并对最佳性能条件进行了总结分析，发现效果提高并不明显，进而在第六章中提出了提高grin聚合物微球回归反射性能的两个基本途径，并用光线追迹方法进行了详细的分析，最终得到了良好的效果，并对结果进行了一定的分析解释。
Chapter 5 . based on the measured refractive index distribution curve , according as the theoretical model of light transmission in the grin medium , using quadrivalent runger - kutta method to carry out the light tracking , by this means the mainly imaging character index of the micro - lens such as foci , longitudinal and transverse spherical aberrations aberration etc is calculated . i 第五章从测量所得折射率分布曲线出发，根据梯度介质球内光线传输的理论模型，用四阶runger - kutta方法进行光线追迹，计算了此种梯度球的纵横向球差等光学特性，给出所制作梯度折射率微球透镜成像性能的评价。
Abstract : using the ray - tracing method , we demonstrate that a grating - telescope stretcher is the conjugation of a grating pair compressor . we present an analytical formula for calculating the phase dispersions of the grating - telescope stretcher . the computer simulation with the formula demonstrates that there exists an optimal material dispersion for an amplification system , with which we can achieve the largest dispersion - free bandwidth 文摘:用光线追迹法论证了光栅-球面镜系统与普通的光栅对系统是一对相位共轭元件，并提出了光栅-球面镜系统色散的解析计算公式，以及对一个典型的放大系统做了模拟.模拟结果表明，对于一个放大系统，存在一个最佳的材料色散，用它可以获得最大的无色散带宽
Presented four methods of laser collimation , realized 3 of them with the software of zemax , and meted the requirement of the system design ; 3 . realized the laser beam expanding from point - laser to line - laser wide enough to cover the flange trackside ; 4 . after image grabbing and processing , picked up the profile of the train wheel 作者独立完成的工作包括： 1 、提出了曲面测量的光学系统的整体方案； 2 、提出了四种激光扩束的方案，用光学设计软件zemax完成了其中三种的设计；经过像差分析和追迹，达到了准直扩束的要求； 3 、点光源到线光源的单方向扩展，达到了覆盖轮缘踏面的要求； 4 、通过实验采集图像和图像处理，提取出被测轮缘的轮廓。
Taking stray light in " shenguang iii " as the study subject and basing on the basic principle of geometrical optics , applying the technological path of paraxial ray and real ray tracing , a new analytic way and data structure , which suits for the specific requirement in analysis and process of ghost images , is presented 本课题就是以“神光- ”激光装置中的杂散光为研究对象，针对高功率多程放大系统在鬼像分析与处理方面特殊要求，从光线光学的基本原理出发，应用近轴光线与空间光线追迹技术路线，提出一种新型的分析方法和数据结构。
With ray tracing the imaging process is analyzed in this paper . and with ray tracing and post - processing several typical effects resulting from main elements of iriss such as optics , detector and atmosphere are studied and modeled . these typical effects on imaging are simulated with ray tracing , post - processing and pixel - based processing 本文利用光线追迹法对红外成像系统的成像过程进行了分析，并采用光线追迹法和后处理法对系统的主要组成单元，如光学系统、探测器以及大气等所具有的典型效应进行了建模研究。
On the basis of that , according to basic theory of spherical symmetry grin optics and the rigorous computation of light tracking , its effect on retro - reflection was estimated . finally , by optimized computation the best technical parameters were obtained and the direction of improve its retro - reflection effect was determined 在此基础上，根据球对称梯度折射率光学的基本理论和光线追迹的严格计算，估算了用其制作回归反射材料能够达到的性能指标，并通过优化计算寻找到最佳技术参数，为提高回归反射材料的性能指明了方向。
