With the expand of urban scope , great change have taken place in railroad hinge , many internuncial lines and lateral lines had been surrounded . former status and function had been losed , capacity of transportation is surplus 同时，随着城市规模的扩张，我国大城市铁路枢纽也逐渐发生了很大变化，铁路枢纽内的许多联络线、支线逐渐被城市包围，逐渐失去了原来的地位和作用，运能虚糜，设备、设施闲散。
The characteristics , construction and attentive proceeding are discussed in construction of red sandstone . a detailed description is given according practical examples , especially in blasting of red sandstone and compaction 摘要通过京九铁路麻武联络线的施工，简要地叙述了线路所处地区的红砂岩的特性与施工，及其施工中所应注意的事项，根据实际施工情况，特别对红砂岩的爆破及填筑压实方面进行了较为详细的叙述。
This method can make the crp depth imaging and the interpolation of prestack data he completed simultaneously , and also it better resolve the problems of 20 data process such as incorrect imaging , difficulty of aide wave process , disclosure between inlines and crosslines 本方法能使共反射点偏移成像与叠前数据插值一步完成，较好地解决二维资料处理中的成像点不能准确归位、侧面反射波难处理、主测线与联络线不闭合等问题。
The calculation is based on the actual length of the first line even if this line has a full or partial double track or more tracks , excluding double tracks , stationsidings , tracks under the charge of stations , , branch lines , specialpurpose lines and the non payable connecting lines 凡是全线或部分建成双线及以上的线路，以第一线的实际长度计算；复线、站线、段管线、岔线和特殊用途线以及不计算运费的联络线都不计算营业里程。
According to the characteristic of subway power alternating current transmission line , a new synchronous method based on reference zero point of the wave shape of voltage was proposed . the method is suitable to short distance line such as the subway power alternating current transmission line 根据地铁电力交流联络线的特点，作者提出了一种适合于短距离线路保护的参考电压零点的同步算法，并对该算法的优缺点进行了详细的分析与仿真。
Three steps of the method are , first , genetic algorithm is adopted in the whole planning area to hunt the possible traverse sequence of the substations ; second , the least weight match algorithm in graph theory is adopted to optimize the tie lines between each substation and its neighbors according to the traverse sequence determined in the first step ; finally , the scheme which has the least cost of investment in tie lines will be taken as the ultimate scheme 第一层优化是在整个规划区域内，应用遗传算法搜索可能的变电站的遍历顺序；第二层优化是按照第一层优化确定的遍历顺序，应用纲络图论中的最小权匹配算法分别对每一个变电站与其相邻站之间的联络线进行优化。
On the base of the fujian power system that has the special configuration of " large power generator with small power system " in 2000 , constructs power system models of fujian and fujian interconnected with other parts , does a lot of calculation and analysis and simulation , researches the security mechanism and rule of the fujian special power system interconnected with large power system . the above connection can keep security and stability and can make obvious benefits , but when the transmission power reach to excessive quantity the main power grid will increases interconnected flow - in or flow - out exchange power load . the power operation state tended to instability ; the infirmable interconnection make s the damp infirmable 本文以2000年前后具有“大机组小电网”特殊结构的福建电力系统为背景，建立了福建电力系统及其与外部互联的数学模型，开展大量的仿真计算分析，研究了“大帆组小电网”电力系统与大容量电力系统互联偏弱的安全稳定性的机理和规律：前述互联可以安全稳定运行，取得显著效益，当传输功率达到一定量后，主网架增加了送出或吸收互联交换功率的负载，系统运行状态向稳定性水平有所下降的方向转移；联络偏弱使阻尼偏弱，联络线小幅低频振荡和大幅低频振荡易被激发，联络线一旦重载断开，系统高周或低调严重。
Secondly , a stochastic optimization decision - making model for determining optimal agc capacity requirement is presented with penalties of tie - line power flow deviations taken into account . an optimal agc regulating algorithm is then suggested which reveals that a trade - off between economic efficiency and system security must be made by the market operator 在需求不确定的情况下，提出了计及联络线偏差处罚下agc容量获取和调节的随机优化模型，从而有效地确定出各台agc机组的最优调度出力； 3
Therefore , in december 2000 the bureau of transportation of taipei city government completed a feasibility study for an lrt system in the taipei shin - yi district . this study recommended the adoption of an lrt system with a standard track gauge , power supply from overhead wires , two or three cars per train , a length of 90m for platforms , a certificate system for fare payment , consideration of the possibility of using electronic sensor ticketing systems , type b right - of - way for at grade sections , and signaling control for passing priority at the intersections . the study also proposed an initial lrt line of 9 . 6 kilometers in length with 9 stations 现代化轻轨运输系统之运输效能已较电车系统大幅提升，以一般采用b型路权为主，少部分a与c型路权之系统而言，每小时单向运能达到5 , 000至15 , 000人次，介乎高运量捷运与公车系统之间，适合担负都会地区市郊与市中心区的联络路线、市中心区集散路线、铁路与捷运系统接驳路线、都市周边环状线、特定区间（新市镇）联络线、都会区次要运输走廊运输主轴等服务类型。
It brings up a new method to treat the fixed power energy , i . e . dividing it as three periods : peak - time , valley - time and plane - time . the economic analysis of power exchange is considered . the hydropower model adapted to the system of low proportion of hydropower is proposed 首次以高峰、低谷、平段及总分段电量约束的形式考虑协议电量，并考虑了联络线购送电经济比较，提出了适合水电比例较低系统的水电模型，首次引用了文中所列的水电发电特性提供了水火电的耦合关系。
