First of all , nano - alumina dispersed in water is studied . we selected anion polyelectrolyte pmaa and cation surface active reagent ( ctab ) as dispersant . it is discussed that dispersant dosage , ph value , disperse time , disperse means and nano - alumina concentration affect disperse effect 本文首先研究了纳米al2o3在水中的分散，选择阴离子聚电解质聚丙烯酸氨和阳离子表面活性剂作为分散剂，讨论了分散剂用量、 ph值、分散时间、分散方法以及纳米al2o3粒子浓度对分散效果的影响。
( 3 ) chapter v . plasma characteristics of rf ion source is investigated . a zero - dimensional numerical dynamic colisional radiative atomic and molecular ( cram ) model is suggested to simulate the microphysical process . all species " population number densities in plasma are calculated in non - thermodynamics equilibrium condition , and proton content in extracted ion current are measured with 60 ? magnetic analyzer ( 3 )提出了高频离子源等离子体的零维cram模型( collisionalradiativeatomicandmolecularmodel ) ，计算了非平衡态( nte )下等离子体中分子、电子、离子、基态原子、激发态原子等粒子浓度，并在zf - 200kev中子发生器上，用60磁分析器实验测定了引出束流的质子比。
Both the increase in the concentration of suspended particulates and the increase in cloud amount would reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching the surface . at the king s park station , the observed global solar radiation decreased from the mid - 1960s to the mid - 1980s , and at a slower rate subsequently 空气中悬浮粒子浓度及云量的增加同样会导致地面所接收的太阳辐射量下降，在京士柏站观测到的太阳总辐射量在六十年代中期至八十年代中期明显减少，其后减少相对地缓慢，整个40年期间平均每日太阳总辐射量每10年减少了每平方米1
By using a cell equivalent method , the present model can deal with the face - center square structure of erf . combining the scheme of the classical conductivity model for the single - chain structure , a new formula for the prediction of the shear yield stress of erf is set up . the influences of the separation distance of the particles , the volume fraction of the particles and the applied electric field on the shear yield stress are investigated 在电导模型的基础上，建立在电流变液体在外加电场的作用下，粒子之间会形成某种特定的微观结构，利用等效胞元的方法，将这微观结构等效成一个平板，建立了等效的微观结构平板模型，通过计算电流变液体内部的局部电场，对电流变液体的工作机理和剪切屈服应力进行了预测，并且分别考虑了在不同的粒子间距、不同的粒子浓度、不同的外加电场的情况下，对剪切屈服应力的影响。
Urbanization often causes an increase in suspended particulates in the atmosphere and thus a decrease in visibility . as a result , the amount of solar radiation reaching the ground decreases . the rise in temperatures during daytime was reduced but this is more or less offset by the heat generated from air conditioning and other urban activities 城市化通常令大气中悬浮粒子浓度增加，导致能见度降低，因此，地面所接收的太阳辐射量下降，日间气温上升幅度较小，但由于空调系统及其他城市活动同时亦产生了热能，最终两个因素的效应互相抵销，故此最高气温只有轻微变化。
Accordingly , the quantitative relative between hazard function and the particles category and density of engine lubricating oil on engine can be obtained , which supplies a basis to master the occurring , developing and changing law on the one hand , and on the other to find out the effective approach of discovering , preventing and eliminating failures 从而可以定量得出发动机滑油粒子浓度和种类与故障率之间的关系，为掌握发动机故障的发生、发展与变化规律，找出发现、预防和排除故障的有效途径奠定基础。
The calculated mean diameter , mean square - root diameter , mean cube - root diameter and liquid water content are all well matched with the observational results ; in the paper two examples have been analyzed by using the seeding region data and the possible affecting region data in leeward region . it is found that f - 100 , 2dc , and 2dp ' s particle concentrations increase in leeward region , but rising extent is different , which is likely to be due to difference of seeding effect time 拟合值和观测值吻合的较好，计算出的平均直径、均方根直径、均立方根直径和粒子浓度与观测值也比较吻合；本文对两组个例的催化影响区域及可能采集到相应值的下风方区域进行了分析，催化下风向影响区的f - 100 、 2dc 、 2dp的粒子浓度比背景值都有所增加，但是增加的幅度不同，应该是催化响应时间的原因。
Finally , it briefly discusses the feasibility , the applying foreground and the approach with regard to the calculating method about the amount of catalyst provided in this paper by integrating the ascending - velocity field and cloud water field in the possible working section abstracted from the mm5 mesoscale model with the thickness of the ice crystal particles in nucleation layer and supercooled water quantity which is surveyed by the plane 得出适合的催化剂引入高度等。最后，简要讨论了用mm5中尺度区域模式提取可能作业区的升速场和云水量场，并结合飞机实测核化层冰晶粒子浓度、过冷水量等，探讨了本文提出的催化剂用量计算方法的可行性，应用前景和途径。
