Moreover , some beneficial practical research has been done about fuzzy - pid control algorithm in position loop design 其中电流环采用比例调节算法；速度环采用比例积分调节算法；位置环采用模糊自整定pid控制算法。
The array antenna is optimized used genetic algorithm . pi algorithm is used in genetic algorithm . the results are given 在波束赋形中，采用遗传算法对天线阵列的激励参数进行优化，同时引入比例积分算法，得到较好的结果。
Flexible gain control switching speed loop pi proportional - integral control and p proportional control switching can suppress overshoot and undershoot while motor speeds up or down 速度回路pi比例积分控制与p比例控制切换，抑制马达加减速时overshoot与undershoot现象
Dynamic behaviors of regulators with different control loop designs are studied . the compensators studied are proportional , integral , proportional - integral , proportional - integral - derivative feedback controllers 闭环系统的模型建立成功，并用于分析比例、积分、比例积分和比例积分微分控制回路的分析。
With regard to the flow regulation of the best - effort traffic , the controllable traffic in high speed computer communication networks , the present paper proposes a novel control theoretic approach that designs a proportional - integrative ( pi ) controller based on multi - rate sampling for congestion controlling . based on the traffic model of a single node and on system stability criterion , it is shown that this pi controller can regulate the source rate on the basis of the knowledge of buffer occupancy of the destination node in such a manner that the congestion - controlled network is asymptotically stable without oscillation in terms of the buffer occupancy of the destionation node ; and the steady value of queue length is consistent with the specified threshold value 本文从控制理论的角度出发,针对计算机高速互联网中最大服务交通流即能控交通流的调节问题提出了一种基于多速率采样的具有比例积分( pi )控制器结构的拥塞控制理论和方法,在单个节点的交通流的模型基础上,运用控制理论中的系统稳定性分析方法,讨论如何利用信终端节点缓冲占有量的比例加积分的反馈形式来调节信源节点的能控交通流的输入速率,从而使被控网络节点的缓冲占有量趋于稳定;同时使被控网络节点的稳定队列长度逼近指定的门限值。
2 . based on the original bp network , some improvement on error back propagation arithmetic is made . the executing speed of the algorithm is increased through online adjustment of learning rate . combined with traditional pid control , this method generated two integral schemes : bp network + pid serial control and self - confirming control of parameters of pid controller based on bp network are constructed 在原有的误差反向传播（ bp ）网络的基础上，对其学习算法进行了改进，通过在线调节学习速率，提高了算法的实现速度，并且与传统的比例积分微分（ pid ）控制方法进行结合，分别实现了两种集成方法： bp网络与pid串行控制方法和基于bp网络的pid参数自整定控制方法。
So the vsr can operate in any power factor . internal model control ( imc ) design concept has been introduced to the unbalanced control system of vsr . with imc design concept , the unbalanced control system not only achieve zero steady state error of sinusoidal ac current , but also obtains strong robustness of the control system 由于在abc和静止坐标系中，采用比例和比例积分调节器无法实现对时变正弦波信号的无差跟踪控制，而在dq坐标系中需要用正、反两套旋转坐标系构成四个电流内环才能实现对正、负序dq电流的无差跟踪。
And the controlling method of pi makes the temperature control quick and stable . at the same time , the paper completes the mutual communication between temperature control equipment and computer by way of serial interface and usb interface , so as to realize the remote control of computer to the temperature control equipment . finally , the performance test of the semi - conductor temperature control equipment researched in this paper is carried out , and the results show that the precision of the temperature of the controller of semi - conductor can reach to 0 . 2 , and the degree of temperature stablization is less than 0 . 05 整个系统采用闭环控制结构,使系统的抗干扰能力大大增强;为半导体制冷器量身定做的驱动电路,可以方便的调节通过tec电流的大小和方向,使tec加热制冷灵活迅速的特点得到充分发挥;使用比例积分( pi )的控制方法使得温度控制快速稳定;同时,本文还实现了温控仪与上位机通过串行口和usb口两种方式的通讯,实现了上位机对温控仪的远程控制;最后,对所研制的半导体温度控制仪进行了性能测试,测试结果表明,半导体温度控制仪温控精度达到0 . 2 ,温度稳定度小于0 . 05 ,满足了系统设计的要求。
The main module of sensorless pmsm vector control such as voltage sensing , current sensing , smo rotor position estimation , speed calculation , generation of sine and cosine , vector coordinate transformation , pi regulators , svpwm vector modulation are all accomplished in the pwm interrupt service routines 永磁同步电机无位置传感器矢量控制的主要模块如电压采样、电流采样、滑模转子位置估算、速度计算、正余弦值生成、矢量坐标变换、比例积分调节器、空间电压矢量脉宽调制等都是在pwm中断服务子程序中完成。
The thesis describes a prototype fractional frequency synthesizer which is supported by a project granted by the ministry of science and technology of pr china . firstly , based on the principle of pll , this paper briefly describes three basic pll components : phase detector ( pd ) , low pass filter ( lpf ) , voltage controlled oscillators ( vco ) , analyzes the linearized pll and summaries the transfer functions of third - order pll with ideal intergrator filter respectively . based on a microwave vco , the single point frequency pll frequency ranging from 2 . 2 to 2 . 5ghz is developed 首先，从锁相环的基本理论、原理出发，分析了锁相环中的三个基本部件：鉴相器、环路滤波器和压控振荡器，此后，针对线性化锁相环进行了分析，研究了在使用比例积分滤波器时，三阶锁相环的环路参数计算；在电路实现时选用了lmx2353 ，在此基础上，完成了2 . 2 ~ 2 . 5ghz范围内的小数频率合成器设计。
