Were conducted . the results show that all the 4 species of pine leaves have a specific transportation tissue . these 4 species are different from each other by their morphological and histological characteristics 对马尾松、云南松、华山松、油松的原植物形态、药材性状、显微构造、粉末特征进行了对比研究，发现四种松叶在组织结构上均具有一种特殊组织? ?转输组织。
Works using a rare display of independence natural products carved jade carvings , depending on the prototype alone with jade carvings shape , stimulation , a part of jade carvings into the towering hills , mountains qiao color extraction of stone scattered pine and green pine needles in the smooth delicate quality of the jade the backdrop is more beautifully enchanting display in the room is qingxinziran , added a bit more elegant fun 作品采用难得一见的精品天然独玉精雕巧雕，依独玉的原形随形巧雕，青白的玉部分巧雕成巍峨的小山，山间俏色摘雕零散的松树,翠绿的松叶在光滑细腻的玉质的衬托下显得更加精美迷人，摆放在室内亦显得清新自然，更增添了几分雅致的情趣！
Through investigations on the ancient herbal documents and the current botanical origins , it is concluded that 10 species are used as pine leaves , including 4 species produced in sichuan province . the records in ancient herbal compendiums comply with the current botanical origins of pine leaves . comparative studies on botanical , morphological and histological characteristics of pinus massoniana lamb . , p yunnanensis franch . , p 通过对松叶的本草考证，结合现今药用松叶的调查，总结出药用松叶所涉及的基源物种有10种，其中四川产主要药用品种有4种，符合本草记载与现今药用的实际。
The histological descriptions of p . armandi franch in chinese herbal compendium ( zhong hua ben cao ) are different form our observations and the descriptions in chinese flora and sichuan flora in the aspects of the shape of the transverse section and the number of vascular bundles . by means of gc - ms , qualitative and quantitative analysis of the essential oils obtained from different species , different production areas and different extracting methods were carried out . the chemical components and their contents of the essential oils vary by the species , production area and extracting method 通过对不同品种(马尾松、云南松、华山松) 、马尾松不同产地(万源、夹江、资中、泸州、威远、康定) 、不同提取方法(水蒸气蒸馏法、超临界提取法)的松叶挥发油成分的gc - ms分析比较，表明挥发油成分的组成和含量有差异，且品种、产地、提取工艺均对松叶的挥发油成分有影响。
The result shows that the content of total flavones is 0 . 0885 % . in conclusion , through the comprehensive studies on the botanical , morphological , histological and phytochemical aspects , this project has laid a solid basis on the quality evaluation and further development of pine leaves . it is this paper that first reported the gc - ms analysis of the essential oils obtained from p . armandi franch and flavonoids compounds in pinus massoniana lamb . 综上所述，本文通过对药用松叶品种、药材性状、显微组织及化学成分的研究，为四川产主要药用松叶品种鉴定、品质评价提供了依据，特别是对挥发油、黄酮类成分的研究所取得的初步结果以及一种新物质的发现，将为马尾松松叶的二次开发奠定基础。
The main factors influencing agrobacterium - mediated genetic transformation of portulaca grandiflora hook , are as follows . the concentration of kanamycin of devision leaves and the calli were 100mg / l and 200mg / l , respectively . calli infection can gain more gus gene transient expression and resistant tissuses than devision leaves 对松叶牡丹进行遗传转化研究发现，采用叶片作为外植体时， kan的浓度100mg / l就可抑制愈伤的诱导，而用愈伤组织作为材料感染时浓度要达到200mg / l才可。
