Has utmost signal and has no up or down chiang slow down signal , lawlessness adjudgment up or lower pole limit signal ; up either lower pole limit switch has not receive or switch breakdown ; up either down coercionary deceleration switch has not receive or switch breakdown 有极限信号而没有上或下强减速信号，无法判定上或下极限信号；上或下极限开关未接或开关故障；上或下强制减速开关未接或开关故障。
The switchers can isolate the faulted branch , restrict the faulted scale and ensure the supply of non - interruptions such that the reliability of distribution power system is improved . at the same time , the switchers are 配电网开关设备的配置包括开关设备类型、数量、位置的确定，而其优化配置与定位就是从开关设备的备选位置集合中选择一最优方案，使停电收益最大，或开关设备的投入使停电损失的减少最大。
When complex fault occurs or uncertain factors appear such as mal - operation , miss operation and missing messages because of channel disturbance , the existing power system diagnosis methods base on switch and protection messages does not provide satisfactory result , so it is necessary to use a new source of information 在电力系统发生复杂故障或开关、保护存在较多误动、拒动以及因通讯中断而发生信息丢失等诸多不确定因素的影响下，目前基于开关和保护信息的诊断方法已经不能取得令人满意效果，必须寻找新的信息源。
The present diagnosis methods based on switch and protection messages can not provide the satisfactory result while the complex fault occurs in the power system or uncertain factors appear , such as mal - operation 、 non - operation and missing messages on account of channel disturbance , so using a new source of information is necessary 当电力系统发生复杂故障或开关、保护存在较多误动、拒动以及因信道干扰发生信息丢失等诸多不确定因素时，目前基于开关和保护信息的诊断方法已经不能取得满意的结果，必须寻找新的信息源。
But in practical operating , overvoltage caused by reignition of the vacuum switching device frequently appears , and it result in damage of the capacitor bank or the switchgear itself . ensuring the switchgear against reignition and installing a protective device are two main approaches to avoid the phenomenon 但在实际运行中,经常会出现因真空开关重燃而产生过电压,并导致电容器组或开关设备自身损坏的现象,而保证开关不重燃和安装保护装置是避免这类现象的两条主要途径。
Ssr - dd series of dc solid relay is vastly applied to output joggle of computer and external equipments , it is also applied to control or switch dc load : dc relay 、 contactor 、 dc electrical motor 、 kinds of electric - heating apparatus 、 dc electromagnetic valve 、 electromagnetic iron 、 solenoid 、 filament lamp 、 indication lamp 、 plc logical electrical appliance and dc solid relay Dd系列直流固态继电器广泛应用于计算机与外部设备的输出接口，适用与控制或开关直流负载：直流继电，接触器、直流电动机、各类电热器具；直流电磁阀，电磁铁、螺线管、白炽灯、指示灯； plc逻辑电器。
If dispatchers make misjudgment or leaky judgment for this kind of faults , maybe it will bring out serious aftereffects such as accident spread , etc . thus , it is necessary to develop a fault diagnosis method with strong robustness to suit all kinds of disadvantaged instances , and assist dispatchers to identify faults quickly for guarantying power system ' s safe and stable running 当电力系统发生复杂故障或开关?保护存在较多误动?拒动以及因信息干扰发生信息丢失等诸多不确定因素时，会使得故障后的系统响应复杂化，给故障诊断工作造成很多困难，如果调度员对故障发生误判，漏判，可能会导致事故扩大等严重后果。因此，有必要发展一种鲁棒性强，适应各种不利情况的故障诊断方法，协助调度人员迅速识别故障，保证电力系统的安全稳定运行。
