Taking into account of water level and temperature , horizontal displacement monitoring control index of typical monolith of huangtankou concrete gravity dam is determined by the improved method of probability , which can be used as a reference for dam safety monitoring 综合考虑水位温度对坝体位移的影响，采用改进小概率法，拟定了黄坛口重力坝坝顶水平位移监控指标，为今后一定时段内大坝安全监控提供参考。
Based on the arch - cantilever method , the stability of arch ring and cantilever beam against elastic buckling in arch dams are analyzed with the theory of elastic stability , and the conclusion is drawn that the stability of arch dam against elastic buckling is governed by the top arch ring 按照拱梁分载法的思想，用弹性稳定理论分别对拱坝的拱圈和悬臂梁的抗屈曲稳定性进行了分析，得出拱坝的抗屈曲稳定性由坝顶拱圈控制的结论。
A bearing surface transmits the interaction between an arch dam and its foundation , the strength of which directly affects the constraint of the bedrock to the dam , and thus affects the stress and deformation of the dam . the influence is studied in this paper with nonlinear finite element method , as an example , for a high arch dam in design . the results show that the influence on stress is only limited within the local area near the bearing surface , larger on the maximum principal tensile stress than on the principal compression stress , and the decrease of the strength does not cause unlimited increase of the maximum stress . the influence on the displacement of the top of the dam is smaller than that of the bottom of the dam , especially the relative downstream displacement . at the lower strength of the bearing surface , the relative downstream displacement at the bottom of the dam increases with the decrease of the strength 建基面是传递拱坝和基岩相互作用的纽带，它的强度直接影响基岩对坝体的约束，从而影响坝体的应力和变形.采用非线性有限单元法，以设计中的某高拱坝为例，分析建基面强度对坝体应力和变形的影响.结果表明建基面强度对坝体应力的影响仅限于建基面附近的局部范围，对最大主拉应力的影响要大于对最大主压应力的影响，建基面强度的降低不会无限地增大坝体的应力数值；建基面强度对坝顶位移的影响较小，但对坝底位移(尤其是顺河向相对位移)的影响较大，当建基面强度较低时，坝底顺河向相对位移随建基面强度的降低而增大
After the engineering slope was dug , several small plastic zone the designed rock - fill dam will coming in the temporary slope , because rock - fill dam change the stress field on a small degree . but a gravity dam will arouse a great area of plastic zone in the permanent slope , which will bring a stability problem . after detail and depth study , the rock - fill dam project is more compatible of the engineering geology condition in nuozadu hydraulic - power station ' s dam site 工程边坡开挖后，拟定的堆石坝方案由于嵌入浅，应力的调整有限，塑性区主要分布在坝顶高程附近的较小范围内；而拟定的重力坝方案，由于嵌入深，引起了一定程度的应力调整，边坡岩体表层产生了松弛变形，塑性区主要分布在坝顶高程到坡顶前缘(永久边坡)的v ivb类岩体分布区。
In the paper the initial iocation and dimension of step are studied from which we get the conclusion tha the energy dissipation is highcr if the initial location is at the curve section of l / 2 height of the spillway top and the dimension gap of neighbor step is bigger , the energy dissipation is higher 通过对阶梯溢流坝的过渡阶梯的起始位置和具体尺寸的试验研究。得出过渡阶梯的最佳起始位置约在坝顶曲线段1 2高度处且相邻阶梯的尺寸相差较大时，所得的消能率较高。
Based on the simulation model theory of temperature and stress fields presented in this article , a large simulating program for high rccd has been developed , which can numerically simulate all kinds of temperature control measures , including water pipe cooling , heat insulating in winter , reducing place temperature of concrete , spraying water brume , and long interval over - watering surfaces overflowing in flood season . 基于本文提出的温度场和徐变应力场仿真模型理论，编制了高碾压混凝土坝的三维有限元仿真计算程序，在程序中考虑了各种温控措施的数值模拟，包括：水管冷却、冬季保温、降低混凝土的浇筑温度、夏季混凝土表面喷水雾、施工汛期坝顶面过水等。
In the program , the effect of lamination placement , construction interval , elastic modulus change , thermal insulation change , surrounding temperature change , concrete creep and autogenous volume change on thermal stress are considered . and such temperature control measurement as water pipe cooling , heat preservation of the dam surface , the pouring temperature control , the overflow across the dam top during flood season can also be simulated by numerical method 该程序在编制过程中考虑了混凝土分层浇筑、施工间歇、弹模变化、绝热温升过程、环境温度的变化、混凝土徐变、自生体积变形等因素对坝体温度场及温度应力场的影响，同时也考虑了水管冷却、坝体表面保温、控制浇筑温度、施工汛期坝顶面过水等各种温控措施的数值模拟。
In this thesis , first , reasons and factors for the stability of loose rock dams were summarized according to the field surveys and certain expert ' s experiences . then , researches on block stability problems were reviewed , and according to the relationship between grain size and incipient velocity , it is found that the block weight is in direct proportion to 6 - 9 power of incipient velocity , and 50 % increase of the velocity will result in about 40 times change of the block weight . after that , experiments were conducted in a flume , focusing on the relationship between incipient velocity and some main factors including block weight , water depth over the dam , cross - section size , block material and river bed material 本文首先根据散抛石坝损毁情况的现场调查资料，结合有关专家多年的整治经验，总结出坝体的损毁原因及影响因素；对现有块体稳定性的研究成果进行回顾和总结，并针对散抛石坝的直接损毁现象，结合山区河流的水流、地形特点，利用块体粒径与起动流速的关系，提出块体稳定重量与起动流速高次方成正比的概念，流速50的增长可能导致块体稳定重量接近40倍的变化；通过二维变坡水槽试验，研究了坝体稳定的主要影响因素，包括块体重量、坝顶水深、断面尺寸、块体材料(块石和卵石两种) 、护底等，结果表明对于山区河流，试图仅仅通过增加坝体单个块体重量或断面尺寸来提高坝体稳定性效果甚微；最后，根据西部地区的自然、经济、交通等条件，提出可以采用柔性混凝土铰链体等一类整体性较好的护面层作为散抛石坝的防冲毁措施，以期取得良好的工程效果。
