To the west of shanghai , to the north of suzhou , and to the east of wuxi . and changjiang river forms the boundary between changshu and nantong . thus changshu has land and water transport facilities , abundant products , so called a land of fish and rice 常熟地处长江三角洲的黄金腹地，依山临水，风景秀丽，东临上海，南倚苏州，西连无锡，一江之隔是南通，水陆交通便利，物产丰富，素有“鱼米之乡”之称。
Meixiang building lies at the middle of chaoku street . from the watergate , going up the stairs , you come the river hall . here , you can see scences of the confucius temple and wende bridge . the qinhuai river is outside of the north windows of the building . sitting on the long chair , you can see fish swimming in the river 。坐在楼下临水走廊条椅上，俯首可见碧澄的水中鱼儿在接喋。站在楼上沿河的窗口前，放目可见
The reasons lie in the followings : 1 ) influenced by the " adhering to orthodox ideas " thought of the huxiang school , the core of huxiang culture , the pioneers of huxiang school , hu an - guo , hu hong and zhang shi , demanded to abolish the outmoded politics , but adhered to the ancestral systems ; 2 ) the northward horse - shape geographical conditions surrounded by mountains in three sides and bordering a river in one side , hunan was easily accessible to accepting the traditional culture in the central plains , but held back the oceanic culture in the southeast coastal area 其主要原因：一是作为湖湘文化核心的湖湘学派的“守先正”思想的影响，湖湘学派创始人胡安国、胡宏、张?等要求革除弊政，但又坚守祖训，坚持祖制；二是湖南三面环山一面临水的北向马蹄形地理环境，便于北向接受中原传统文化，而对东南沿海的海洋文化却有阻扼作用。
It is the water that has fostered the whole region and become the keynote of the wu culture . the waves of green waters are seen in the expansive lake taihu , the grand canal , the downtown waterways , and the ponds of classical gardens . the folks live by the water , and their customs are branded with the influence of the water 君不见太湖烟波浩渺，运河碧波涌动，水巷绿带涟漪，园内沧波渺然，水乡人临水而居，以水为生，风俗民情离不开水的背景；临水民居、面水民居、跨水民居是水乡民居的主要形式。
In the middle stage , the garden environment pattern can be divided into four kinds : the pattern of " having a lager surface of water without mountain " , the pattern of " having a major building ( pavilion ) near a surface of water " , the pattern of " a surface of water between the mountains " , the pattern of " having a major plant " 在中期，园林环境模式大致可以分为四类：广水无山、高台(亭)临水、两山间水和以某种植物为主。第一类模式继承了前期中第二类模式的基本特征，并有相应的发展和完善。后三类模式是当时园林环境模式的主流。
If you are gliding in a " wupen " boat a kind of small wooden boat , pedaled by man s feet and covered with bamboo awnings shuttle over the rivers , channels and lakes in shaoxing you will struck by the beauty of the " watery country " and may taste the city s ancient customs and historical culture 你若乘上乌篷船，徜徉在稽山镜水间，不仅能领略水乡泽国之佳景，还可看到悠久历史养成的固有风俗。家家临水，户户枕河，划只小船可以串门访友。多水而多桥，被誉为“桥乡” 。
In accordance with archaeological discoveries of ba culture in three gorges region , and analyses about these material , some points on ba minority ' s living customs can be drawn that they lived in a good ecological environment ; their main tools in daily life are crockery , which is not only large in number but also is featured with round bottom ; they live on paddy rice , fish and other propagations ; salt plays an important role in their life ; the location of ba culture relics , namely waterside or mesa near waterside , reflects their habitation features and construction mode residing before rivers 摘要根据三峡地区与巴文化有关的考古发现，再从这些资料中分析巴人生活习俗有几大特点：巴人生活的生态环境良好；早期巴人的主要生活用具是陶器，陶器不但种类很多，并且多圜底器，圜底器一直贯穿巴人生活的始终；巴人以稻米、鱼类和其他动植物为重要的食物来源；食盐在巴人生活中具有重要的经济地位；巴文化遗存多在水边或水边台地上，反映了巴人临水而居的居住特点和建筑方式。
